The grateful elephant, Opening, part 4, sentence 79
Then he went to the rat and called him out, saying: “Rat!”
Who acts: king · What happens: go, call out, say · To what, where: rat, king · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 went | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 rat | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 rat | det |
| 6 | rat | rat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 called | cc |
| 8 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 called | obj |
| 10 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 called | compound:prt |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 saying | punct |
| 12 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 went | advcl |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 Rat | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 Rat | punct |
| 15 | Rat | rat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 saying | obj |
| 16 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 15 Rat | punct |
| 17 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 Rat | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | king | the rat | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to rat=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | call out speech: assert | past | king not said here | king | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | king not said here | Rat | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent rat=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/4/79/