The grateful elephant, Opening, part 5, sentence 153
And Dīghīti king of Kosala heard: “Brahmadatta king of Kāsi, they say, has drawn up his fourfold army, and is come up against me.”
Who acts: Dīghīti king, vehicles · What happens: hear, say, draw up, come up · To what, where: Brahmadatta king, fourfold army · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dīghīti king, vehicles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 heard | cc |
| 2 | Dīghīti | Dīghīti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 king | compound |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 heard | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Kosala | case |
| 5 | Kosala | Kosala | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 king | nmod |
| 6 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 king | punct |
| 8 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 king | punct |
| 9 | Brahmadatta | Brahmadatta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 king | compound |
| 10 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 heard | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Kāsi | case |
| 12 | Kāsi | Kāsi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 king | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 say | punct |
| 14 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 say | nsubj |
| 15 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 heard | parataxis |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 drawn | punct |
| 17 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 drawn | aux |
| 18 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 say | ccomp |
| 19 | up | up | ADP | _ | 18 drawn | compound:prt |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 army | nmod:poss |
| 21 | fourfold | fourfold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 army | amod |
| 22 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 drawn | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 come | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 come | cc |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 come | aux:pass |
| 26 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 drawn | conj |
| 27 | up | up | ADV | _ | 26 come | advmod |
| 28 | against | against | ADP | _ | 29 me | case |
| 29 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 come | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 heard | punct |
| 31 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | Dīghīti king of Kosala | Brahmadatta king of Kāsi | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert in a quote | present | vehicles = vehicle | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | draw up in a quote | present · perfect | King's fourfold army | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent army=Theme | |||||
| 4 | come up in a quote | present · passive | against vehicles = vehicle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: against i=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/5/153/