The grateful elephant, Opening, part 6, sentence 47
Then those men led Dīghīti king of Kosala with his consort about from street to street, from crossing to crossing, conducted them out of the South gate, hacked their bodies into four pieces south of the city, threw the pieces in the four directions, posted a guard of soldiers, and departed.
Who acts: men, four directions · What happens: lead, cross, conduct, hack, throw, post · To what, where: Dīghīti king, crossing, men, South gate, bodies, four pieces
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, four directions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 led | advmod |
| 2 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 3 men | det |
| 3 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 led | nsubj |
| 4 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | Dīghīti | Dīghīti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 king | compound |
| 6 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 led | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 Kosala | case |
| 8 | Kosala | Kosala | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 king | nmod |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 consort | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 consort | nmod:poss |
| 11 | consort | consort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 led | obl |
| 12 | about | about | ADP | _ | 14 street | case |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 street | case |
| 14 | street | street | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 consort | nmod |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 street | case |
| 16 | street | street | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 street | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 crossing | punct |
| 18 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 19 crossing | mark |
| 19 | crossing | cross | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 led | advcl |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 crossing | case |
| 21 | crossing | crossing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 crossing | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 conducted | punct |
| 23 | conducted | conduct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 led | conj |
| 24 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 conducted | obj |
| 25 | out | out | ADP | _ | 29 gate | case |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 gate | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 gate | det |
| 28 | South | South | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 gate | compound |
| 29 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 conducted | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 hacked | punct |
| 31 | hacked | hack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 led | conj |
| 32 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 bodies | nmod:poss |
| 33 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 hacked | obj |
| 34 | into | into | ADP | _ | 36 pieces | case |
| 35 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 36 pieces | nummod |
| 36 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 hacked | obl |
| 37 | south | south | ADV | _ | 40 city | advmod |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 city | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 city | det |
| 40 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 hacked | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 threw | punct |
| 42 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 led | parataxis |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 pieces | det |
| 44 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 threw | obj |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 directions | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 directions | det |
| 47 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 48 directions | nummod |
| 48 | directions | direction | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 threw | obl |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 posted | punct |
| 50 | posted | post | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 48 directions | acl |
| 51 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 52 guard | det |
| 52 | guard | guard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 posted | obj |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 soldiers | case |
| 54 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 guard | nmod |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 departed | punct |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 departed | cc |
| 57 | departed | depart | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 threw | conj |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 led | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | past | that men | Dīghīti king of Kosala | then | with Kosala's consort about street to street | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Theme | ||
| 2 | cross | gerund | that men not said here | crossing | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to crossing=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | conduct | past | that men not said here | men = man | the South gate | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme out gate=Destination | |||
| 4 | hack | past | that men not said here | men's bodies | four pieces | of the city | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent body=Material into piece=Product | ||
| 5 | throw | past | the pieces | the four directions | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent piece=Theme in direction=Destination | ||||
| 6 | post | participle | the four directions not said here | a guard of soldiers | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guard=Theme | ||||
| 7 | depart | past | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/6/47/