The grateful elephant, Opening, part 6, sentence 49
When they were drunk and had fallen, he gathered sticks of wood, built a pyre, placed the bodies of his mother and father on the pyre, lighted it, and with joined hands upraised in reverent salutation thrice made sunwise circuit of the pyre.
Who acts: soldiers, Dīghāvu, bodies · What happens: be, fall, gather, build, place, light · To what, where: sticks, pyre, bodies, joined hands, reverent salutation thrice, sunwise circuit
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (soldiers, Dīghāvu, bodies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 drunk | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 drunk | nsubj |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 drunk | cop |
| 4 | drunk | drunk | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 fallen | cc |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 fallen | aux |
| 7 | fallen | fall | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 drunk | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 gathered | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 gathered | nsubj |
| 10 | gathered | gather | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 drunk | parataxis |
| 11 | sticks | stick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 gathered | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 wood | case |
| 13 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sticks | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 built | punct |
| 15 | built | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 gathered | conj |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 pyre | det |
| 17 | pyre | pyre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 built | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 placed | punct |
| 19 | placed | place | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 built | conj |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 bodies | det |
| 21 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 placed | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 mother | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 mother | nmod:poss |
| 24 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 bodies | nmod |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 father | cc |
| 26 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 mother | conj |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 29 pyre | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 pyre | det |
| 29 | pyre | pyre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 father | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 lighted | punct |
| 31 | lighted | light | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 bodies | acl |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 lighted | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 made | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 made | cc |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 hands | case |
| 36 | joined | join | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 hands | amod |
| 37 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 made | obl |
| 38 | upraised | upraise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 hands | acl |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 thrice | case |
| 40 | reverent | reverent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 thrice | amod |
| 41 | salutation | salutation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 thrice | compound |
| 42 | thrice | thrice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 upraised | obl |
| 43 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 placed | conj |
| 44 | sunwise | sunwise | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 circuit | amod |
| 45 | circuit | circuit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 made | obj |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 pyre | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 pyre | det |
| 48 | pyre | pyre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 circuit | nmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 drunk | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | soldiers = soldier | drunk property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | fall | past · perfect | soldiers = soldier not said here | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | gather | past | Dīghāvu | sticks of wood | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stick=Theme | ||||
| 4 | build | past | Dīghāvu not said here | a pyre | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pyre=Product | ||||
| 5 | place | past | Dīghāvu not said here | the bodies of Dīghāvu's mother and father on the pyre | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent body=Theme | ||||
| 6 | light | participle | the bodies of Dīghāvu's mother and father on the pyre not said here | pyre | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product | ||||
| 7 | join | participle | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 8 | upraise | participle | joined hands not said here | reverent salutation thrice | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | make | past | Dīghāvu not said here | sunwise circuit of the pyre | with joined hands | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset circuit=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/6/49/