The grateful elephant, Opening, part 7, sentence 122
He discovered: “Both are lords of kingdoms three hundred leagues in extent; they are equals as regards army, wealth, and reputation; they are in the same position in respect of caste, race, and family.”
Who acts: king, extent · What happens: discover, be, respect · To what, where: lords, equals, same position, caste · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, extent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 discovered | nsubj |
| 2 | discovered | discover | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 lords | punct |
| 4 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 lords | punct |
| 5 | Both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 7 lords | det |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 lords | cop |
| 7 | lords | lord | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 discovered | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 kingdoms | case |
| 9 | kingdoms | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 lords | nmod |
| 10 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 hundred | compound |
| 11 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 leagues | nummod |
| 12 | leagues | league | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 lords | nmod |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 extent | case |
| 14 | extent | extent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 leagues | nmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 equals | punct |
| 16 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 equals | nsubj |
| 17 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 equals | cop |
| 18 | equals | equal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 discovered | obl |
| 19 | as | as | ADP | _ | 21 army | case |
| 20 | regards | regards | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 21 army | compound |
| 21 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 equals | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 wealth | punct |
| 23 | wealth | wealth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 equals | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 reputation | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 reputation | cc |
| 26 | reputation | reputation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 equals | conj |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 position | punct |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 position | nsubj |
| 29 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 position | cop |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 position | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 position | det |
| 32 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 position | amod |
| 33 | position | position | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 discovered | parataxis |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 respect | case |
| 35 | respect | respect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 position | nmod |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 caste | case |
| 37 | caste | caste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 respect | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 race | punct |
| 39 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 position | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 family | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 family | cc |
| 42 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 position | conj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 33 position | punct |
| 44 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 position | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | discover | past | king | vn discover-84-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | both lords | of kingdoms; hundred leagues in extent nmod | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | extent | equals and wealth and reputation | as regards army; wealth conj; reputation conj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | extent | the same position and family | in respect of caste; race nmod; family conj | tree rules | |||
| 5 | respect in a quote | caste | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/7/122/