The grateful elephant, Opening, part 7, sentence 52
The hunter threw the tortoise into a sack and hung the sack on some stump or other.
Who acts: hunter · What happens: throw, hang · To what, where: tortoise, sack, stump
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 hunter | det |
| 2 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 threw | nsubj |
| 3 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 tortoise | det |
| 5 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 threw | obj |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 sack | case |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 sack | det |
| 8 | sack | sack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 threw | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 hung | cc |
| 10 | hung | hang | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 threw | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 sack | det |
| 12 | sack | sack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 hung | obj |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 stump | case |
| 14 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 15 stump | det |
| 15 | stump | stump | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 hung | obl |
| 16 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 17 other | cc |
| 17 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 stump | conj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 threw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | throw | past | the hunter | the tortoise | into a sack result | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer tortoise=Theme into sack=Result | |||
| 2 | hang | past | the hunter not said here | the sack | some stump | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sack=Theme on stump=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/7/52/