The grateful elephant, Opening, part 7, sentence 60
When he thought he had gone far enough, he disguised his tracks, went by another path with the speed of the wind, lifted the sack on his horn, flung it on the ground, broke it open, and let out the tortoise.
Who acts: Buddha · What happens: think, go, disguise, lift, fling, break · To what, where: tracks, sack, horn, ground, tortoise · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 thought | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 thought | nsubj |
| 3 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 disguised | advcl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 gone | nsubj |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 gone | aux |
| 6 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 thought | ccomp |
| 7 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 enough | advmod |
| 8 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 6 gone | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 thought | punct |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 disguised | nsubj |
| 11 | disguised | disguise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 tracks | nmod:poss |
| 13 | tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 disguised | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 went | punct |
| 15 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 disguised | conj |
| 16 | by | by | ADP | _ | 18 path | case |
| 17 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 path | det |
| 18 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 went | obl |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 speed | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 speed | det |
| 21 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 path | nmod |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 wind | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 wind | det |
| 24 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 speed | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 lifted | punct |
| 26 | lifted | lift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 disguised | conj |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 sack | det |
| 28 | sack | sack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 lifted | obj |
| 29 | on | on | ADP | _ | 31 horn | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 horn | nmod:poss |
| 31 | horn | horn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 lifted | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 flung | punct |
| 33 | flung | fling | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 lifted | conj |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 flung | obj |
| 35 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 ground | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 ground | det |
| 37 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 flung | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 broke | punct |
| 39 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 lifted | conj |
| 40 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 broke | obj |
| 41 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 broke | xcomp |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 let | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 let | cc |
| 44 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 disguised | conj |
| 45 | out | out | ADP | _ | 44 let | compound:prt |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 tortoise | det |
| 47 | tortoise | tortoise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 let | obj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 disguised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past | Buddha | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | go | past · perfect | Buddha | enough property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | disguise | past | Buddha | Buddha's tracks | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent track=Destination | ||||
| 4 | go | past | Buddha not said here | by another path with the speed of the wind | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by path=Location | ||||
| 5 | lift | past | Buddha not said here | the sack | Buddha's horn | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sack=Theme on horn=Destination | |||
| 6 | fling | past | Buddha not said here | sack | the ground | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme on ground=Destination | |||
| 7 | break | past | Buddha not said here | sack | open property | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient | |||
| 8 | let out | infinitive | Buddha not said here | the tortoise | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tortoise=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/7/60/