The grateful elephant, Opening, part 8, sentence 123
So saying, they cleft the Brahman in twain with a sharp sword and left him lying on the road.
Who acts: Riches, Brahman · What happens: say, cleft, leave, lie · To what, where: Brahman, twain, road · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Riches, Brahman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 2 saying | advmod |
| 2 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 cleft | punct |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 cleft | nsubj |
| 5 | cleft | cleft | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 saying | parataxis |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Brahman | det |
| 7 | Brahman | Brahman | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 cleft | obj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 twain | case |
| 9 | twain | twain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cleft | obl |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 sword | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 sword | det |
| 12 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 sword | amod |
| 13 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cleft | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 left | cc |
| 15 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 cleft | conj |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 left | obj |
| 17 | lying | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 left | xcomp |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 road | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 road | det |
| 20 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 lying | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 saying | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | gerund | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | cleft | present | Riches = rich | the Brahman | twain | with a sharp sword | tree rules | ||
| 3 | leave | past | Riches = rich not said here | Brahman | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | lie | gerund | Brahman not said here | the road | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on road=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/8/123/