The grateful elephant, Opening, part 8, sentence 2
Having so done, he took the five weapons which his teacher gave him, bowed to his teacher, departed from the city of Takkasilā, and girded with the five weapons, struck into the road leading to Benāres.
Who acts: prince, teacher, road · What happens: have, take, give, bow, depart, gird · To what, where: five weapons, prince, teacher, city, road, Benāres
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prince, teacher, road), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 took | advcl |
| 2 | so | so | ADV | _ | 3 done | advmod |
| 3 | done | done | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Having | xcomp |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Having | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 took | nsubj |
| 6 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 weapons | det |
| 8 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 weapons | nummod |
| 9 | weapons | weapon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 took | obj |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 gave | obj |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 teacher | nmod:poss |
| 12 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 gave | nsubj |
| 13 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 weapons | acl:relcl |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 gave | iobj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 bowed | punct |
| 16 | bowed | bow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 took | conj |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 teacher | case |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 teacher | nmod:poss |
| 19 | teacher | teacher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 bowed | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 departed | punct |
| 21 | departed | depart | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 teacher | acl |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 city | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 city | det |
| 24 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 departed | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 Takkasilā | case |
| 26 | Takkasilā | Takkasilā | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 city | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 girded | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 girded | cc |
| 29 | girded | gird | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 took | conj |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 weapons | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 weapons | det |
| 32 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 33 weapons | nummod |
| 33 | weapons | weapon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 girded | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 struck | punct |
| 35 | struck | strike | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 weapons | acl |
| 36 | into | into | ADP | _ | 38 road | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 road | det |
| 38 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 struck | obl |
| 39 | leading | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 38 road | acl |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 Benāres | case |
| 41 | Benāres | Benāres | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 leading | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | gerund | prince not said here | done property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | take | past | prince | the five weapons | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weapon=Theme | ||||
| 3 | give | past | prince's teacher | the five weapons | prince | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient which=Theme | |||
| 4 | bow | past | prince not said here | to prince's teacher | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.pivot»: agent=Agent to teacher=Pivot | ||||
| 5 | depart | participle | prince's teacher not said here | the city of Takkasilā | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from city=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | gird | participle | prince not said here | with the five weapons | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | strike | participle | the five weapons not said here | the road | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into road=Location | ||||
| 8 | lead | gerund | the road not said here | Benāres | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to benāres=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/8/2/