The grateful elephant, Opening, part 9, sentence 137
Knowing not good, knowing not evil, knowing not right, knowing not wrong, they quarrel and brawl and wrangle and strike one another with the daggers of their tongues, saying: ‘This is right, that is not right;’ ‘This is not right, that is right.’”
Who acts: ascetics, This, that · What happens: know, quarrel, brawl, wrangle, strike, say · To what, where: good, another · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ascetics, This, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 2 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 3 good | advmod |
| 3 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Knowing | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 knowing | punct |
| 5 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Knowing | conj |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 evil | advmod |
| 7 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 knowing | xcomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 knowing | punct |
| 9 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Knowing | conj |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 right | advmod |
| 11 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 knowing | xcomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 knowing | punct |
| 13 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 knowing | conj |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 wrong | advmod |
| 15 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 knowing | xcomp |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 quarrel | punct |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 quarrel | nsubj |
| 18 | quarrel | quarrel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Knowing | conj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 brawl | cc |
| 20 | brawl | brawl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 quarrel | conj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 wrangle | cc |
| 22 | wrangle | wrangle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 quarrel | conj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 strike | cc |
| 24 | strike | strike | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 quarrel | conj |
| 25 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 26 another | nummod |
| 26 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 24 strike | obj |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 daggers | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 daggers | det |
| 29 | daggers | dagger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 strike | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 tongues | case |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 tongues | nmod:poss |
| 32 | tongues | tongue | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 daggers | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 saying | punct |
| 34 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 strike | advcl |
| 35 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 39 right | punct |
| 36 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 39 right | punct |
| 37 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 39 right | nsubj |
| 38 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 right | cop |
| 39 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 saying | ccomp |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 right | punct |
| 41 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 44 right | nsubj |
| 42 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 right | cop |
| 43 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 44 right | advmod |
| 44 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 right | parataxis |
| 45 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 quarrel | punct |
| 46 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 1 Knowing | punct |
| 47 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 51 right | punct |
| 48 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 51 right | nsubj |
| 49 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 right | cop |
| 50 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 51 right | advmod |
| 51 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Knowing | ccomp |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 right | punct |
| 53 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 55 right | nsubj |
| 54 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 55 right | cop |
| 55 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 right | conj |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 51 right | punct |
| 57 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 51 right | punct |
| 58 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 51 right | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | gerund | good | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer good=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | know | gerund | evil property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | know | gerund | right property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | know | gerund | wrong property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | quarrel | present | ascetics = ascetic | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | brawl | present | ascetics = ascetic not said here | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | wrangle | present | ascetics = ascetic not said here | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | strike | present | ascetics = ascetic not said here | another | with the daggers of ascetics's tongues | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent another=Patient with dagger=Instrument | |||
| 9 | say speech: assert | gerund | ascetics = ascetic not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 10 | is | present | This | right property | tree rules | ||||
| 11 | not is | present | that | right property | tree rules | ||||
| 12 | not is | present | This | right property | tree rules | ||||
| 13 | is | present | that | right property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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