The grateful elephant, Opening, part 9, sentence 42
On a certain occasion the Exalted One addressed the monks as follows: “Monks, put away evil; devote yourselves to good works: so shall you obtain increase, growth, development, in this Doctrine and Discipline.”
Who acts: Exalted One, Monks, you · What happens: exalt, address, follow, put away, devote, obtain · To what, where: monks, certain occasion, evil, yourselves, good works, increase
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Exalted One, Monks, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 4 occasion | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 occasion | det |
| 3 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 occasion | amod |
| 4 | occasion | occasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 addressed | obl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 One | det |
| 6 | Exalted | exalt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 One | amod |
| 7 | One | One | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 addressed | nsubj |
| 8 | addressed | address | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 monks | det |
| 10 | monks | monk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 addressed | obj |
| 11 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 12 follows | mark |
| 12 | follows | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 addressed | advcl |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 put | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 Monks | punct |
| 15 | Monks | monk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 put | nsubj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Monks | punct |
| 17 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 addressed | conj |
| 18 | away | away | ADV | _ | 17 put | advmod |
| 19 | evil | evil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 put | obj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 devote | punct |
| 21 | devote | devote | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 put | conj |
| 22 | yourselves | yourselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 21 devote | obj |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 works | case |
| 24 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 works | amod |
| 25 | works | work | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 devote | obl |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 30 obtain | punct |
| 27 | so | so | ADV | _ | 30 obtain | advmod |
| 28 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 obtain | aux |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 30 obtain | nsubj |
| 30 | obtain | obtain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 addressed | parataxis |
| 31 | increase | increase | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 obtain | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 growth | punct |
| 33 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 increase | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 development | punct |
| 35 | development | development | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 increase | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 Discipline | punct |
| 37 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 Discipline | case |
| 38 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 41 Discipline | nsubj |
| 39 | Doctrine | Doctrine | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 Discipline | compound |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 Discipline | cc |
| 41 | Discipline | Discipline | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 obtain | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 30 obtain | punct |
| 43 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 addressed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | exalt | participle | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 2 | address | past | the Exalted One | the monks | a certain occasion | tree rules | |||
| 3 | follow | present | the Exalted One not said here | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | put away in a quote | infinitive | Monks | evil | away property | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent evil=Goal | |||
| 5 | devote in a quote | infinitive | Monks not said here | yourselves | to good works goal | vn dedicate-79 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent yourselves=Theme to work=Goal | |||
| 6 | obtain in a quote | shall | you | increase and growth and development | Doctrine Discipline this | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent increase=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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