Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 9, sentence 81
His rich cousin, from whom he had hoped for assistance, had repulsed him with cruel words, and now his future lay dark and hopeless before him.
Who acts: wanderer, future · What happens: hope, repulse, lie · To what, where: rich cousin
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wanderer, future), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 cousin | nmod:poss |
| 2 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 cousin | amod |
| 3 | cousin | cousin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 repulsed | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 whom | punct |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 whom | case |
| 6 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 cousin | appos |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 hoped | nsubj |
| 8 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 hoped | aux |
| 9 | hoped | hope | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 whom | acl:relcl |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 assistance | case |
| 11 | assistance | assistance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 hoped | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 cousin | punct |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 repulsed | aux |
| 14 | repulsed | repulse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 repulsed | obj |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 18 words | case |
| 17 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 words | amod |
| 18 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 repulsed | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 lay | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 lay | cc |
| 21 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 lay | advmod |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 future | nmod:poss |
| 23 | future | future | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 lay | nsubj |
| 24 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 repulsed | parataxis |
| 25 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 lay | xcomp |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 hopeless | cc |
| 27 | hopeless | hopeless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 dark | conj |
| 28 | before | before | ADP | _ | 29 him | case |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 lay | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 repulsed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hope | past · perfect | wanderer | for assistance | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for assistance=Theme | ||||
| 2 | repulse | past · perfect · passive | wanderer's rich cousin | with cruel words; wanderer obj | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer he=Result | ||||
| 3 | lie | past | wanderer's future | before wanderer; now | dark property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before he=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/10/81/