Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 12, sentence 79
The birds sang, the sun shone warm and clear, and from the trees the red cherries hung down to their cheeks.
Who acts: birds, sun · What happens: sing, shine, hang down · To what, where: trees, red cherries
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (birds, sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 birds | det |
| 2 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 sang | nsubj |
| 3 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 shone | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 sun | det |
| 6 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 shone | nsubj |
| 7 | shone | shine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 sang | conj |
| 8 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 shone | xcomp |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 clear | cc |
| 10 | clear | clear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 warm | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 trees | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 trees | cc |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 trees | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 trees | det |
| 15 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 sang | obl |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 cherries | det |
| 17 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 cherries | amod |
| 18 | cherries | cherry | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 trees | nmod |
| 19 | hung | hang | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 cherries | acl |
| 20 | down | down | ADP | _ | 19 hung | compound:prt |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 cheeks | case |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 cheeks | nmod:poss |
| 23 | cheeks | cheek | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 hung | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 sang | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sing speech: express | past | the birds | the trees the red cherries | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | ||||
| 2 | shine | past | the sun | warm property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hang down | participle | the red cherries not said here | to birds's cheeks | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/13/79/