Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 13, sentence 81
He stood astonished, and gazed at the wonderful light, observed the direction whence it came, and perceived it came from the little room in which he had laid the pebble on the window bench.
Who acts: Ei, direction · What happens: stand, gaze, observe, come, perceive, lay · To what, where: direction, little room, pebble
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ei, direction), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 stood | nsubj |
| 2 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | astonished | astonished | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 stood | xcomp |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 gazed | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 gazed | cc |
| 6 | gazed | gaze | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stood | parataxis |
| 7 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 light | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 light | det |
| 9 | wonderful | wonderful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 light | amod |
| 10 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gazed | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 observed | punct |
| 12 | observed | observe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 gazed | conj |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 direction | det |
| 14 | direction | direction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 observed | obj |
| 15 | whence | whence | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 came | advmod |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 came | nsubj |
| 17 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 direction | acl:relcl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 perceived | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 perceived | cc |
| 20 | perceived | perceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stood | conj |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 came | nsubj |
| 22 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 perceived | ccomp |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 26 room | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 room | det |
| 25 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 room | amod |
| 26 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 came | obl |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 which | case |
| 28 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 laid | obl |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 laid | nsubj |
| 30 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 laid | aux |
| 31 | laid | lay | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 26 room | acl:relcl |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 pebble | det |
| 33 | pebble | pebble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 laid | obj |
| 34 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 bench | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 bench | det |
| 36 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 bench | compound |
| 37 | bench | bench | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 laid | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | Ei | astonished property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | gaze | past | at the wonderful light | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at light=Theme | |||||
| 3 | observe | past | the direction | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent direction=Topic | |||||
| 4 | come | past | direction | whence property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | perceive | past | Ei not said here | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | come | past | direction | the little room | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from room=Initial_Location | ||||
| 7 | lay | past · perfect | Ei | the pebble | the little room | on the window bench | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent pebble=Theme in which=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/14/81/