Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 14, sentence 15
Judge of his astonishment and joy, as he saw the way marked out over hills and through ravines, by which the spring could be conducted with little difficulty to the place required.
Who acts: Judge · What happens: see, mark out, conduct, require, astonish · To what, where: way, hills, spring, place
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Judge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Judge | judge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 astonishment | case |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 astonishment | nmod:poss |
| 4 | astonishment | astonishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Judge | nmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 joy | cc |
| 6 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 astonishment | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 saw | punct |
| 8 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 10 saw | mark |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 saw | nsubj |
| 10 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 way | det |
| 12 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 saw | obj |
| 13 | marked | mark | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 way | acl |
| 14 | out | out | ADP | _ | 13 marked | compound:prt |
| 15 | over | over | ADP | _ | 16 hills | case |
| 16 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 marked | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 ravines | cc |
| 18 | through | through | ADP | _ | 19 ravines | case |
| 19 | ravines | ravine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 hills | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 conducted | punct |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 which | case |
| 22 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 conducted | obl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 spring | det |
| 24 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 conducted | nsubj:pass |
| 25 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 conducted | aux |
| 26 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 27 conducted | aux:pass |
| 27 | conducted | conduct | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 saw | conj |
| 28 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 difficulty | case |
| 29 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 difficulty | amod |
| 30 | difficulty | difficulty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 conducted | obl |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 place | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 place | det |
| 33 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 conducted | obl |
| 34 | required | require | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 place | acl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Judge of Judge's astonishment and joy | the way | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer way=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | mark out | participle | the way not said here | hills and ravines | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent over hill=Destination | ||||
| 3 | conduct | could · passive | the spring | with little difficulty; to the place; which obl | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme by which=Destination | ||||
| 4 | require | participle | the place not said here | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | astonish | Judge | nom astonishment «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/15/15/