Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 14, sentence 30
They prayed again for strength, and now the walls and towers fell thundering into the moat, for the Virgin had appeared on the battlements encouraging them, and their strength had become superhuman.
Who acts: arms, walls, Virgin, battlements, strength · What happens: pray, fall, thunder, appear, encourage, become · To what, where: moat, battlements, arms, superhuman
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (arms, walls, Virgin, battlements), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 prayed | nsubj |
| 2 | prayed | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | again | again | ADV | _ | 2 prayed | advmod |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 strength | case |
| 5 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 prayed | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 fell | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 fell | cc |
| 8 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 fell | advmod |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 walls | det |
| 10 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 fell | nsubj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 towers | cc |
| 12 | towers | tower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 walls | conj |
| 13 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 prayed | conj |
| 14 | thundering | thunder | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 fell | xcomp |
| 15 | into | into | ADP | _ | 17 moat | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 moat | det |
| 17 | moat | moat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 thundering | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 appeared | punct |
| 19 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 23 appeared | mark |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Virgin | det |
| 21 | Virgin | Virgin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 appeared | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 appeared | aux |
| 23 | appeared | appear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 fell | advcl |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 battlements | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 battlements | det |
| 26 | battlements | battlement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 appeared | obl |
| 27 | encouraging | encourage | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 battlements | acl |
| 28 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 encouraging | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 become | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 become | cc |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 strength | nmod:poss |
| 32 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 become | nsubj |
| 33 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 become | aux |
| 34 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 prayed | conj |
| 35 | superhuman | superhuman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 become | xcomp |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 prayed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pray | past | arms = arm | again | for strength | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for strength=Theme | |||
| 2 | fall | past | the walls and towers | now | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 3 | thunder | gerund | the walls and towers not said here | the moat | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent into moat=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | appear | past · perfect | the Virgin | the battlements | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on battlement=Location | ||||
| 5 | encourage | gerund | the battlements not said here | arms = arm | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 6 | become | past · perfect | arms's strength | superhuman | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/15/30/