Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 15, sentence 17
In the days before authentic history a race of giants dwelt hereabout, who, fearing the mountain-spirit,[1] piled up these cliffs and constructed thus a giant fortress, of which these cliffs are the proud remains.
Who acts: race, hereabout, giants · What happens: dwell, fear, pile up, construct, be, race · To what, where: hereabout, mountain spirit, cliffs, giant fortress, proud remains
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (race, hereabout, giants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 days | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 days | det |
| 3 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 dwelt | obl |
| 4 | before | before | ADP | _ | 6 history | case |
| 5 | authentic | authentic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 history | amod |
| 6 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 days | nmod |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 race | det |
| 8 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 dwelt | nsubj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 giants | case |
| 10 | giants | giant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 race | nmod |
| 11 | dwelt | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | hereabout | hereabout | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 dwelt | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fearing | punct |
| 14 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 fearing | nsubj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 fearing | punct |
| 16 | fearing | fear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 hereabout | appos |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 spirit | det |
| 18 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 spirit | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 mountain | punct |
| 20 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 fearing | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 piled | punct |
| 22 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 23 1 | punct |
| 23 | 1 | 1 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 25 piled | discourse |
| 24 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 23 1 | punct |
| 25 | piled | pile | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 dwelt | parataxis |
| 26 | up | up | ADP | _ | 25 piled | compound:prt |
| 27 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 28 cliffs | det |
| 28 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 piled | obj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 constructed | cc |
| 30 | constructed | construct | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 dwelt | conj |
| 31 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 30 constructed | advmod |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 fortress | det |
| 33 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 fortress | amod |
| 34 | fortress | fortress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 constructed | obj |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 remains | punct |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 which | case |
| 37 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 remains | nsubj |
| 38 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 39 cliffs | det |
| 39 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 remains | nsubj |
| 40 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 remains | cop |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 remains | det |
| 42 | proud | proud | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 remains | amod |
| 43 | remains | remains | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 30 constructed | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 dwelt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dwell | past | a race of giants | hereabout | day | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme hereabout=Location | |||
| 2 | fear | gerund | hereabout | the mountain spirit | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spirit=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | pile up | participle | this cliffs | 1 discourse | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme cliff=Destination | ||||
| 4 | construct | past | a race of giants not said here | a giant fortress | thus property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fortress=Result | |||
| 5 | is a | present | the proud remains | which nsubj; this cliffs nsubj | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | race | giants | nom race «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/16/17/