Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 15, sentence 44
On the rugged, precipitous rocks stand the ruins of a dilapidated tower, now half veiled by clouds and mists, now echoing the roar of the savage tempest.
Who acts: rugged precipitous rocks, savage tempest · What happens: stand, dilapidate, veil, echo, ruin, roar · To what, where: ruins, roar, dilapidated tower
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rugged precipitous rocks, savage tempest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 6 rocks | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 rocks | det |
| 3 | rugged | rugged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 rocks | amod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 rugged | punct |
| 5 | precipitous | precipitous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 rocks | amod |
| 6 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 stand | nsubj |
| 7 | stand | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 ruins | det |
| 9 | ruins | ruin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 stand | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 tower | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 tower | det |
| 12 | dilapidated | dilapidate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 tower | amod |
| 13 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ruins | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 veiled | punct |
| 15 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 veiled | advmod |
| 16 | half | half | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 17 veiled | advmod |
| 17 | veiled | veil | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 stand | conj |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 clouds | case |
| 19 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 veiled | obl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 mists | cc |
| 21 | mists | mist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 clouds | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 echoing | punct |
| 23 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 echoing | advmod |
| 24 | echoing | echo | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 veiled | advcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 roar | det |
| 26 | roar | roar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 echoing | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 tempest | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 tempest | det |
| 29 | savage | savage | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 tempest | amod |
| 30 | tempest | tempest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 roar | nmod |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 stand | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | present | the rugged precipitous rocks | the ruins of a dilapidated tower | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ruin=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | dilapidate | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | veil | participle | the rugged precipitous rocks not said here | now | by clouds and mists; half property | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | echo | gerund | the rugged precipitous rocks not said here | the roar of the savage tempest | now | vn sound_existence-47.4 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location roar=Theme | |||
| 5 | ruin | a dilapidated tower | nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | roar | the savage tempest | nom roar «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/16/44/