Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 16, sentence 11
He listened, recognised the howl of a wolf, mingled with the piercing neighing of a horse in deadly terror, and at the same time saw a rider tearing in fear over the mountains, without giving any heed to his calls.
Who acts: Ernst, piercing, rider, wolf · What happens: listen, recognise, mingle, neigh, see, tear · To what, where: howl, deadly terror, rider, fear, heed, calls · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ernst, piercing, rider, wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 listened | nsubj |
| 2 | listened | listen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 recognised | punct |
| 4 | recognised | recognise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 listened | conj |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 howl | det |
| 6 | howl | howl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 recognised | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 wolf | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 wolf | det |
| 9 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 howl | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 mingled | punct |
| 11 | mingled | mingle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 howl | acl |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 piercing | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 piercing | det |
| 14 | piercing | piercing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 mingled | obl |
| 15 | neighing | neigh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 piercing | acl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 horse | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 horse | det |
| 18 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 neighing | obl |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 terror | case |
| 20 | deadly | deadly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 terror | amod |
| 21 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 neighing | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 saw | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 saw | cc |
| 24 | at | at | ADP | _ | 27 time | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 time | det |
| 26 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 time | amod |
| 27 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 saw | obl |
| 28 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 listened | conj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 rider | det |
| 30 | rider | rider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 saw | obj |
| 31 | tearing | tear | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 rider | acl |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 fear | case |
| 33 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 tearing | obl |
| 34 | over | over | ADP | _ | 36 mountains | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 mountains | det |
| 36 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 tearing | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 giving | punct |
| 38 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 39 giving | mark |
| 39 | giving | give | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 saw | advcl |
| 40 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 41 heed | det |
| 41 | heed | heed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 giving | obj |
| 42 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 calls | case |
| 43 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 calls | nmod:poss |
| 44 | calls | call | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 giving | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 listened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | listen | past | Ernst | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | recognise | past | Ernst not said here | the howl of a wolf | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer howl=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | mingle | participle | the howl of a wolf not said here | with the piercing | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient with piercing=Co-Patient | ||||
| 4 | neigh | gerund | the piercing not said here | deadly terror | of a horse | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 5 | see | past | Ernst not said here | a rider | time | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rider=Stimulus | |||
| 6 | tear | gerund | a rider not said here | fear | over the mountains | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in fear=Trajectory | |||
| 7 | give | gerund | Ernst not said here | any heed | Ernst's calls | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent heed=Theme to call=Recipient | |||
| 8 | howl | a wolf | nom howl «communication intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 9 | call | Ernst | nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/17/11/