Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 16, sentence 31
That was what caused her sadness as we first saw her, and Ernst, as he rushed towards her, must have had some presentiment of the coming trouble in her resolve.
Who acts: That, we, Ernst · What happens: be, see, rush, have, come · To what, where: Jutta, Ernst, presentiment
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, we, Ernst), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 caused | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 caused | cop |
| 3 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 4 caused | nsubj |
| 4 | caused | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 sadness | nmod:poss |
| 6 | sadness | sadness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 caused | obj |
| 7 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 10 saw | mark |
| 8 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 saw | nsubj |
| 9 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 10 saw | advmod |
| 10 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 caused | advcl |
| 11 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 saw | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 had | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 had | cc |
| 14 | Ernst | Ernst | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 had | nsubj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 rushed | punct |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 rushed | mark |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 rushed | nsubj |
| 18 | rushed | rush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 Ernst | acl:relcl |
| 19 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 20 her | case |
| 20 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 rushed | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 Ernst | punct |
| 22 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 had | aux |
| 23 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 24 had | aux |
| 24 | had | have | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 caused | parataxis |
| 25 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 26 presentiment | det |
| 26 | presentiment | presentiment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 had | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 trouble | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 trouble | det |
| 29 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 30 trouble | amod |
| 30 | trouble | trouble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 presentiment | nmod |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 resolve | case |
| 32 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 resolve | nmod:poss |
| 33 | resolve | resolve | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 trouble | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 caused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | That | what nsubj; Jutta's sadness obj; cause property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | see | past | we | Jutta | first property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | rush | past | Ernst | Ernst not said here | towards Jutta | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent ernst=Theme towards she=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | have | must · perfect | Ernst | some presentiment of the coming trouble in Jutta's resolve | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent presentiment=Patient | ||||
| 5 | come | gerund | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/17/31/