Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 1, sentence 43
Before her yawns the terrible rocky abyss of the Bode Valley, behind she hears the deadly foe advancing, uttering the most dreadful curses!
Who acts: mountain, deadly foe · What happens: yawn, hear, advance, utter · To what, where: terrible rocky abyss, deadly foe, dreadful curses
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mountain, deadly foe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 3 yawns | mark |
| 2 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 yawns | nsubj |
| 3 | yawns | yawn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 abyss | det |
| 5 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 abyss | amod |
| 6 | rocky | rocky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 abyss | amod |
| 7 | abyss | abyss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 yawns | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Valley | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Valley | det |
| 10 | Bode | Bode | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Valley | compound |
| 11 | Valley | Valley | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 abyss | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 hears | punct |
| 13 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 15 hears | mark |
| 14 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 hears | nsubj |
| 15 | hears | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 yawns | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 foe | det |
| 17 | deadly | deadly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 foe | amod |
| 18 | foe | foe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hears | obj |
| 19 | advancing | advance | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 foe | acl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 uttering | punct |
| 21 | uttering | utter | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 advancing | conj |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 curses | det |
| 23 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 24 dreadful | advmod |
| 24 | dreadful | dreadful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 curses | amod |
| 25 | curses | curse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 uttering | obj |
| 26 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 3 yawns | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | yawn | present | mountain | the terrible rocky abyss of the Bode Valley | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent abyss=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hear | present | mountain | the deadly foe | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer foe=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | advance | gerund | the deadly foe not said here | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | utter speech: other | gerund | the deadly foe not said here | the dreadful curses | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent curse=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/2/43/