Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 1, sentence 76
The aged Earl has followed his daughter, and amid their astonishment and joy, Conrad explains how he was severely wounded and taken prisoner, and had not for long years been able to escape.
Who acts: Conrad, long years, amid · What happens: follow, explain, be, take, have, not be · To what, where: aged Earl, astonishment, prisoner · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Conrad, long years, amid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Earl | det |
| 2 | aged | aged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Earl | amod |
| 3 | Earl | Earl | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 followed | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 followed | aux |
| 5 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 7 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 followed | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 amid | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 amid | cc |
| 10 | amid | amid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 followed | parataxis |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 astonishment | nmod:poss |
| 12 | astonishment | astonishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 amid | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 joy | cc |
| 14 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 astonishment | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 explains | punct |
| 16 | Conrad | Conrad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 explains | nsubj |
| 17 | explains | explain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 astonishment | acl:relcl |
| 18 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 wounded | advmod |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 wounded | nsubj |
| 20 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 wounded | cop |
| 21 | severely | severely | ADV | _ | 22 wounded | advmod |
| 22 | wounded | wounded | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 explains | ccomp |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 taken | cc |
| 24 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 wounded | conj |
| 25 | prisoner | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 taken | xcomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 had | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 had | cc |
| 28 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 explains | ccomp |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 34 able | advmod |
| 30 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 34 able | mark |
| 31 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 years | amod |
| 32 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 able | nsubj |
| 33 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 34 able | cop |
| 34 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 had | ccomp |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 escape | mark |
| 36 | escape | escape | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 able | xcomp |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 followed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | present · perfect · passive | the aged Earl | joy's daughter obj; amid and amid's astonishment and joy parataxis | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: subject=Theme daughter=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | explain speech: assert | present | Conrad | amid's astonishment and joy not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | past | Conrad | severely, wounded property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | take | participle | Conrad not said here | prisoner | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | have | past | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | not is | participle | long years | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | escape | to-infinitive | long years not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 8 | astonish | amid | nom astonishment «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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