Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 3, sentence 11
"Follow me," she said; and opening the postern door and pointing out to her an outer flight of stone steps leading down to a garden, continued, "mount those steps leading to the stone balcony.
Who acts: you, Magda, stone steps, opening, steps · What happens: follow, say, open, point out, lead down, continue · To what, where: Magda, postern door, outer flight, steps · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Magda, stone steps, opening), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Follow | punct |
| 2 | Follow | follow | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 Follow | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 6 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 Follow | advcl |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 continued | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 continued | cc |
| 10 | opening | open | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 continued | csubj:pass |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 door | det |
| 12 | postern | postern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 door | compound |
| 13 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 opening | obj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 pointing | cc |
| 15 | pointing | point | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 opening | conj |
| 16 | out | out | ADV | _ | 15 pointing | advmod |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 her | case |
| 18 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 pointing | obl |
| 19 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 flight | det |
| 20 | outer | outer | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 flight | amod |
| 21 | flight | flight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 pointing | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 steps | case |
| 23 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 steps | compound |
| 24 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 flight | nmod |
| 25 | leading | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 steps | acl |
| 26 | down | down | ADV | _ | 25 leading | advmod |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 garden | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 garden | det |
| 29 | garden | garden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 leading | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 continued | punct |
| 31 | continued | continue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 Follow | advcl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 mount | punct |
| 33 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 mount | punct |
| 34 | mount | mount | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 Follow | conj |
| 35 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 36 steps | det |
| 36 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 mount | obj |
| 37 | leading | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 steps | acl |
| 38 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 balcony | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 balcony | det |
| 40 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 balcony | compound |
| 41 | balcony | balcony | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 leading | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 Follow | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow in a quote | imperative | you not said here | Magda | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Magda | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | open | gerund | the postern door | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location door=Theme | |||||
| 4 | point out | gerund | a outer flight of stone steps | Magda | out property | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to she=Recipient | |||
| 5 | lead down | gerund | stone steps not said here | to a garden; down property | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to garden=Patient | ||||
| 6 | continue | participle | opening | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | mount in a quote | infinitive | you not said here | that steps | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Patient | ||||
| 8 | lead in a quote | gerund | that steps not said here | to the stone balcony | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to balcony=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/20/11/