Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 3, sentence 162
The mountain was so steep that _Staufen_, or _Stufen_--steps--were used in climbing it, hence probably the name.
Who acts: mountain · What happens: be, use, climb · To what, where: Stufen, name
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mountain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 mountain | det |
| 2 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 steep | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 steep | cop |
| 4 | so | so | ADV | _ | 5 steep | advmod |
| 5 | steep | steep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 Staufen | mark |
| 7 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 8 Staufen | punct |
| 8 | Staufen | Staufen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 steep | obl |
| 9 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 8 Staufen | punct |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 used | punct |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 used | cc |
| 12 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 13 Stufen | punct |
| 13 | Stufen | Stufen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 used | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 13 Stufen | punct |
| 15 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 16 steps | punct |
| 16 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 used | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 16 steps | punct |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 used | aux:pass |
| 19 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 Staufen | parataxis |
| 20 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 21 climbing | mark |
| 21 | climbing | climb | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 used | advcl |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 climbing | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 name | punct |
| 24 | hence | hence | ADV | _ | 27 name | advmod |
| 25 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 27 name | advmod |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 name | det |
| 27 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 climbing | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 steep | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the mountain | Staufen obl; steep property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | use | past · passive | Stufen | steps nsubj:pass | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | climb | gerund | name | the name obl | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/20/162/