Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 4, sentence 34
The foul fiend raised himself to his greatest height, breathing flames of fire from mouth and nostrils, and cried in a hollow, smothered voice, like the sound of distant thunder: "Only once more can ye draw lots, no more.
Who acts: foul fiend, ye, fire · What happens: raise, breathe, cry, smother, draw, flame · To what, where: fiend, greatest height, flames, mouth, hollow smothered voice, lots · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foul fiend, ye, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 fiend | det |
| 2 | foul | foul | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 fiend | amod |
| 3 | fiend | fiend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 raised | nsubj |
| 4 | raised | raise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 4 raised | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 height | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 height | nmod:poss |
| 8 | greatest | great | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 9 height | amod |
| 9 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 raised | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 breathing | punct |
| 11 | breathing | breathe | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 raised | advcl |
| 12 | flames | flame | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 breathing | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 fire | case |
| 14 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 flames | nmod |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 mouth | case |
| 16 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 breathing | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 nostrils | cc |
| 18 | nostrils | nostril | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 mouth | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 cried | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 cried | cc |
| 21 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 raised | parataxis |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 voice | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 voice | det |
| 24 | hollow | hollow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 voice | amod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 hollow | punct |
| 26 | smothered | smother | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 voice | amod |
| 27 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 cried | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 sound | punct |
| 29 | like | like | ADP | _ | 31 sound | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 sound | det |
| 31 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 cried | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 thunder | case |
| 33 | distant | distant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 thunder | amod |
| 34 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 sound | nmod |
| 35 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 42 draw | punct |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 42 draw | punct |
| 37 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 38 once | advmod |
| 38 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 39 more | advmod |
| 39 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 42 draw | advmod |
| 40 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 draw | aux |
| 41 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 42 draw | nsubj |
| 42 | draw | draw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 cried | conj |
| 43 | lots | lot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 draw | obj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 more | punct |
| 45 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 46 more | det |
| 46 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 43 lots | conj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 raised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | raise | past | the foul fiend | fiend | fiend's greatest height | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Theme to height=Destination | |||
| 2 | breathe | gerund | the foul fiend not said here | flames of fire | mouth and nostrils | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flame=Theme | |||
| 3 | cry speech: express | past | a hollow smothered voice | like the sound of distant thunder | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in voice=Location | ||||
| 4 | smother | participle | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | draw in a quote | can | ye | lots | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Theme | ||||
| 6 | flame | fire | nom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/21/34/