Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 5, sentence 78
With a countenance red with anger, he pounced upon the trembling man, thrust him out of his humble posture, and cried in a voice of thunder, "Insolent beggar! how couldst thou dare to enter my castle?
Who acts: darkness, thou · What happens: pounce, cry, dare, enter · To what, where: humble posture, Insolent beggar, voice, castle · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (darkness, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 3 countenance | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 countenance | det |
| 3 | countenance | countenance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 pounced | obl |
| 4 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 countenance | amod |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 anger | case |
| 6 | anger | anger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 red | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 countenance | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 pounced | nsubj |
| 9 | pounced | pounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 13 man | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 man | det |
| 12 | trembling | trembling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 man | compound |
| 13 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 pounced | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 thrust | punct |
| 15 | thrust | thrust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 man | conj |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 thrust | obj |
| 17 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 posture | case |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 posture | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 posture | nmod:poss |
| 20 | humble | humble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 posture | amod |
| 21 | posture | posture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 pounced | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 cried | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 cried | cc |
| 24 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 pounced | conj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 voice | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 voice | det |
| 27 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 cried | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 thunder | case |
| 29 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 voice | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 beggar | punct |
| 31 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 beggar | punct |
| 32 | Insolent | insolent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 beggar | compound |
| 33 | beggar | beggar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 cried | obl |
| 34 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 33 beggar | punct |
| 35 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 38 dare | advmod |
| 36 | couldst | could | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 38 dare | aux |
| 37 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 38 dare | nsubj |
| 38 | dare | dare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 cried | advcl |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 enter | mark |
| 40 | enter | enter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 dare | xcomp |
| 41 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 castle | nmod:poss |
| 42 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 enter | obj |
| 43 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 pounced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pounce | past | darkness | darkness's humble posture | with a countenance; upon the trembling man and thrust heart | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon man=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | cry speech: express | past | darkness not said here | Insolent beggar | a voice of thunder | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in voice=Location | |||
| 3 | dare in a quote | could | thou | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | enter in a quote | to-infinitive | thou not said here | my castle | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme castle=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/22/78/