Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 5, sentence 81
But the beggar stood suddenly in the midst of a wonderful light, and cried in an awful voice, before which all merriment died, and the hot blood turned to ice: "Cursed are ye who despise the poor, and give him over to death; cursed be this spot with all your pleasure and luxury; ye shall sink this very hour in night and darkness!"
Who acts: beggar, merriment, hot blood, ye, your · What happens: stand, cry, die, turn, curse, be · To what, where: midst, awful voice, ice, merriment, cursed spot · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beggar, merriment, hot blood, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 stood | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 beggar | det |
| 3 | beggar | beggar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stood | nsubj |
| 4 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 4 stood | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 midst | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 midst | det |
| 8 | midst | midst | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stood | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 light | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 light | det |
| 11 | wonderful | wonderful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 light | amod |
| 12 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 midst | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 cried | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 cried | cc |
| 15 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 stood | parataxis |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 voice | case |
| 17 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 voice | det |
| 18 | awful | awful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 voice | amod |
| 19 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cried | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 died | punct |
| 21 | before | before | ADP | _ | 22 which | case |
| 22 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 died | obl |
| 23 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 merriment | det |
| 24 | merriment | merriment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 died | nsubj |
| 25 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 cried | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 turned | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 turned | cc |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 blood | det |
| 29 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 blood | amod |
| 30 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 turned | nsubj |
| 31 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 stood | conj |
| 32 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 ice | case |
| 33 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 turned | obl |
| 34 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 36 Cursed | punct |
| 35 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 Cursed | punct |
| 36 | Cursed | curse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 stood | conj |
| 37 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 despise | cop |
| 38 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 40 despise | nsubj |
| 39 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 despise | nsubj |
| 40 | despise | despise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 Cursed | ccomp |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 poor | det |
| 42 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 despise | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 give | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 give | cc |
| 45 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 despise | conj |
| 46 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 give | iobj |
| 47 | over | over | ADP | _ | 45 give | compound:prt |
| 48 | to | to | ADP | _ | 49 death | case |
| 49 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 give | obl |
| 50 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 51 cursed | punct |
| 51 | cursed | curse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 54 spot | amod |
| 52 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 54 spot | cop |
| 53 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 54 spot | det |
| 54 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stood | obl |
| 55 | with | with | ADP | _ | 58 pleasure | case |
| 56 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 58 pleasure | det:predet |
| 57 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 58 pleasure | nmod:poss |
| 58 | pleasure | pleasure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stood | obl |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 60 luxury | cc |
| 60 | luxury | luxury | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 pleasure | conj |
| 61 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 64 sink | punct |
| 62 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 64 sink | nsubj |
| 63 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 64 sink | aux |
| 64 | sink | sink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 stood | parataxis |
| 65 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 67 hour | det |
| 66 | very | very | ADV | _ | 67 hour | advmod |
| 67 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 sink | obj |
| 68 | in | in | ADP | _ | 69 night | case |
| 69 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 sink | obl |
| 70 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 71 darkness | cc |
| 71 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 night | conj |
| 72 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 64 sink | punct |
| 73 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 64 sink | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | the beggar | the midst of a wonderful light | with your pleasure and luxury; suddenly property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | cry speech: express | past | a awful voice | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in voice=Location | |||||
| 3 | die | past | all merriment | which obl | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | turn | participle | the hot blood | ice | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to ice=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | curse in a quote | participle | the beggar not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | is in a quote | present | ye | who nsubj; despise property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | give over in a quote | infinitive | ye not said here | merriment | to death | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Theme to death=Recipient | |||
| 8 | curse in a quote | participle | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 9 | is a in a quote | infinitive | this cursed spot | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | sink in a quote | shall | ye | hour; night | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 11 | please in a quote | your | nom pleasure «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/22/81/