Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 5, sentence 99
It had been sultry all day, and now dark, silver-bordered clouds rose over the Harz, united and formed a colossal black wall.
Who acts: household, dark bordered clouds · What happens: be, border, rise, form · To what, where: Harz, colossal black wall
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (household, dark bordered clouds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 sultry | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sultry | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 sultry | cop |
| 4 | sultry | sultry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 day | det |
| 6 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sultry | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 rose | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 rose | cc |
| 9 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 dark | advmod |
| 10 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 clouds | amod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 dark | punct |
| 12 | silver | silver | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 bordered | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 silver | punct |
| 14 | bordered | border | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 clouds | amod |
| 15 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 rose | nsubj |
| 16 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sultry | parataxis |
| 17 | over | over | ADP | _ | 19 Harz | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 Harz | det |
| 19 | Harz | Harz | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 rose | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 united | punct |
| 21 | united | united | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 Harz | amod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 formed | cc |
| 23 | formed | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 rose | conj |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 wall | det |
| 25 | colossal | colossal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 wall | amod |
| 26 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 wall | amod |
| 27 | wall | wall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 formed | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 sultry | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past · perfect | household | day | sultry property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | border | participle | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | rise | past | dark bordered clouds | the Harz | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over harz=Location | ||||
| 4 | form | past | dark bordered clouds not said here | a colossal black wall | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wall=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/22/99/