Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 7, sentence 1
A powerful Kaiser was come into the district with a vast retinue and an army, had built himself a Burg on the banks of the Bode, and bestowed the land on his followers, who were to cut down trees, drain swamps, and transform the wilderness into a fruitful plain.
Who acts: followers · What happens: come, build, bestow, cut down, drain, transform · To what, where: powerful Kaiser, district, Kaiser, banks, land, followers
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (followers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 Kaiser | det |
| 2 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Kaiser | amod |
| 3 | Kaiser | kaiser | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 come | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 come | aux:pass |
| 5 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | into | into | ADP | _ | 8 district | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 district | det |
| 8 | district | district | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 come | obl |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 retinue | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 retinue | det |
| 11 | vast | vast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 retinue | amod |
| 12 | retinue | retinue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 district | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 army | cc |
| 14 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 army | det |
| 15 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 retinue | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 built | punct |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 built | aux |
| 18 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 come | conj |
| 19 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 18 built | obj |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 Burg | det |
| 21 | Burg | Burg | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 built | obj |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 banks | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 banks | det |
| 24 | banks | bank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 built | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Bode | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Bode | det |
| 27 | Bode | Bode | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 banks | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 bestowed | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 bestowed | cc |
| 30 | bestowed | bestow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 come | conj |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 land | det |
| 32 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 bestowed | obj |
| 33 | on | on | ADP | _ | 35 followers | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 followers | nmod:poss |
| 35 | followers | follower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 bestowed | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 cut | punct |
| 37 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 cut | nsubj |
| 38 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 cut | aux |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 cut | mark |
| 40 | cut | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 followers | parataxis |
| 41 | down | down | ADP | _ | 40 cut | compound:prt |
| 42 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 cut | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 drain | punct |
| 44 | drain | drain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 cut | parataxis |
| 45 | swamps | swamp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 drain | obj |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 transform | punct |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 transform | cc |
| 48 | transform | transform | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 drain | conj |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 wilderness | det |
| 50 | wilderness | wilderness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 transform | obj |
| 51 | into | into | ADP | _ | 54 plain | case |
| 52 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 54 plain | det |
| 53 | fruitful | fruitful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 plain | amod |
| 54 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 transform | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 come | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past · passive | a powerful Kaiser | the district with a vast retinue and a army | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | build | past · perfect | Kaiser | the banks of the Bode | a Burg obj | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset himself=Beneficiary burg=Product | |||
| 3 | bestow | past | the land | Kaiser's followers | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | cut down | past | Kaiser's followers | trees | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Product | ||||
| 5 | drain | present | swamps | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent swamp=Source | |||||
| 6 | transform | infinitive | the wilderness | into a fruitful plain result | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent wilderness=Patient into plain=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/24/1/