Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 7, sentence 107
One of the workmen laughing, cried mockingly: "The poor devil must also drive!"
Who acts: workmen, One, poor devil · What happens: laugh, cry, drive · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (workmen, One, poor devil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 cried | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 workmen | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 workmen | det |
| 4 | workmen | workman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 One | nmod |
| 5 | laughing | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 workmen | acl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 cried | punct |
| 7 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | mockingly | mockingly | ADV | _ | 7 cried | advmod |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 7 cried | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 drive | punct |
| 11 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 devil | det |
| 12 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 devil | amod |
| 13 | devil | devil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 drive | nsubj |
| 14 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 drive | aux |
| 15 | also | also | ADV | _ | 16 drive | advmod |
| 16 | drive | drive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 cried | parataxis |
| 17 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 16 drive | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 drive | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | gerund | the workmen not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | cry speech: express | past | One of the workmen | mockingly property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | drive in a quote | must | the poor devil | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/24/107/