Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 7, sentence 17
"Ah! if we could only appear to him!" added the third; "if we could only appear and beg him for life, we should not plead in vain; I have seen him mourn too, have heard him lament the beautiful forest.
Who acts: we, nymphs, race · What happens: appear, add, beg, not plead, see, mourn · To what, where: race, third, vain, beautiful forest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, nymphs, race), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 appear | punct |
| 2 | Ah | ah | INTJ | _ | 8 appear | discourse |
| 3 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 Ah | punct |
| 4 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 8 appear | mark |
| 5 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 appear | nsubj |
| 6 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 appear | aux |
| 7 | only | only | ADV | _ | 8 appear | advmod |
| 8 | appear | appear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 him | case |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 appear | obl |
| 11 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 8 appear | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 appear | punct |
| 13 | added | add | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 appear | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 third | det |
| 15 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 13 added | obj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 appear | punct |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 appear | punct |
| 18 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 22 appear | mark |
| 19 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 appear | nsubj |
| 20 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 appear | aux |
| 21 | only | only | ADV | _ | 22 appear | advmod |
| 22 | appear | appear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 appear | conj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 beg | cc |
| 24 | beg | beg | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 appear | conj |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 beg | obj |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 life | case |
| 27 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 beg | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 plead | punct |
| 29 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 plead | nsubj |
| 30 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 plead | aux |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 plead | advmod |
| 32 | plead | plead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 appear | conj |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 vain | case |
| 34 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 plead | obl |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 seen | punct |
| 36 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 seen | nsubj |
| 37 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 seen | aux |
| 38 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 appear | advcl |
| 39 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 seen | obj |
| 40 | mourn | mourn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 seen | xcomp |
| 41 | too | too | ADV | _ | 40 mourn | advmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 heard | punct |
| 43 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 heard | aux |
| 44 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 appear | parataxis |
| 45 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 heard | obj |
| 46 | lament | lament | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 44 heard | xcomp |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 forest | det |
| 48 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 forest | amod |
| 49 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 lament | obj |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 appear | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | appear in a quote | could | we | race | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | add speech: express | past | we not said here | the third | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent third=Patient | ||||
| 3 | appear a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | could | we | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | beg speech: request in a quote | infinitive | we not said here | race | for life | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent he=Recipient for life=Topic | |||
| 5 | not plead speech: request in a quote | should | we | vain | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | see in a quote | present · perfect | the nymphs of the lake and the mountain stream = nymph | race | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | mourn in a quote | infinitive | race not said here | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 8 | hear in a quote | present · perfect | race | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | lament in a quote | infinitive | race not said here | the beautiful forest | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer forest=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/24/17/