Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 8, sentence 101
As he reached the St. Nicholas Church, he heard the chanting of vespers, rode through the open door into the church, and spurred on his horse till he had ridden through the congregation, whose vesper-chant changed to terror and dismay.
Who acts: Three, congregation · What happens: reach, hear, ride, spur, change, chant · To what, where: Nicholas Church, chanting, open door, congregation, vesper chant, vespers
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Three, congregation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 reached | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 reached | nsubj |
| 3 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 heard | advcl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Church | det |
| 5 | St. | St. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Church | nmod:desc |
| 6 | Nicholas | Nicholas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Church | compound |
| 7 | Church | Church | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 reached | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 reached | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 heard | nsubj |
| 10 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 chanting | det |
| 12 | chanting | chanting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 heard | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 vespers | case |
| 14 | vespers | vesper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 chanting | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 rode | punct |
| 16 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 heard | conj |
| 17 | through | through | ADP | _ | 20 door | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 door | det |
| 19 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 door | amod |
| 20 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 rode | obl |
| 21 | into | into | ADP | _ | 23 church | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 church | det |
| 23 | church | church | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 rode | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 spurred | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 spurred | cc |
| 26 | spurred | spur | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 rode | conj |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 29 horse | case |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 horse | nmod:poss |
| 29 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 spurred | obl |
| 30 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 33 ridden | mark |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 ridden | nsubj |
| 32 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 ridden | aux |
| 33 | ridden | ride | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 26 spurred | advcl |
| 34 | through | through | ADP | _ | 36 congregation | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 congregation | det |
| 36 | congregation | congregation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 ridden | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 chant | punct |
| 38 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 41 chant | nmod:poss |
| 39 | vesper | vesper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 chant | compound |
| 40 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 39 vesper | punct |
| 41 | chant | chant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 congregation | appos |
| 42 | changed | change | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 chant | acl |
| 43 | to | to | ADP | _ | 44 terror | case |
| 44 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 changed | obl |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 dismay | cc |
| 46 | dismay | dismay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 terror | conj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reach | past | Three | the Nicholas Church St. | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent church=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | Three | the chanting of vespers | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer chanting=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | ride | past | Three not said here | the open door | into the church | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through door=Trajectory | |||
| 4 | spur | participle | Three not said here | on Three's horse | vn stimulate-59.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | ride | past · perfect | Three | the congregation | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent through congregation=Trajectory | ||||
| 6 | change | participle | the congregation's vesper chant not said here | to terror and dismay result | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Agent to terror=Result | ||||
| 7 | chant | vespers | nom chanting «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 8 | chant | the congregation | nom chant «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/25/101/