Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 8, sentence 34
Above this bend in the stream, where it turns to flow along the base, only a few steps from the stream, is a cave called the Zwergloch, or Dwarf-cave.
Who acts: river · What happens: turn, flow, be, call · To what, where: base, cave, bend · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (river), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Above | above | ADP | _ | 3 bend | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 bend | det |
| 3 | bend | bend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 cave | obl |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 stream | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 stream | det |
| 6 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bend | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 turns | punct |
| 8 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 10 turns | advmod |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 turns | nsubj |
| 10 | turns | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 stream | acl:relcl |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 flow | mark |
| 12 | flow | flow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 turns | xcomp |
| 13 | along | along | ADP | _ | 15 base | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 base | det |
| 15 | base | base | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 flow | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 steps | punct |
| 17 | only | only | ADV | _ | 20 steps | advmod |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 steps | det |
| 19 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 steps | amod |
| 20 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 turns | conj |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 23 stream | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 stream | det |
| 23 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 steps | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 bend | punct |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 cave | cop |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 cave | det |
| 27 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 28 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 cave | acl |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Zwergloch | det |
| 30 | Zwergloch | Zwergloch | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 called | xcomp |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 cave | punct |
| 32 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 35 cave | cc |
| 33 | Dwarf | dwarf | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 cave | amod |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 Dwarf | punct |
| 35 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 cave | conj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 27 cave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | present | river | a few steps from the stream conj | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | flow | to-infinitive | river not said here | the base | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along base=Location | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | a cave or Dwarf cave | this bend in the stream | Dwarf cave conj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | call | participle | a cave or Dwarf cave not said here | the Zwergloch xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/25/34/