Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 2, sentence 99
It was a sultry Saturday evening, the sun had set, and had left, instead of a golden twilight, only a grey, cloudy veil, which, increased by the mountain mists, spread gradually over the entire heavens, proclaiming a coming thunder-storm.
Who acts: novitiate, mountain mists · What happens: be, set, leave, increase, spread, proclaim · To what, where: sultry Saturday evening, sun, grey cloudy veil, mountain mists, entire heavens, coming thunder storm
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (novitiate, mountain mists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 evening | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 evening | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 evening | det |
| 4 | sultry | sultry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 evening | amod |
| 5 | Saturday | Saturday | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 evening | compound |
| 6 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 set | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 evening | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sun | det |
| 9 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 set | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 set | aux |
| 11 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 left | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 left | cc |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 left | aux |
| 15 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 set | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 twilight | punct |
| 17 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=ADP | 21 twilight | case |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 instead | fixed |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 twilight | det |
| 20 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 twilight | amod |
| 21 | twilight | twilight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 set | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 veil | punct |
| 23 | only | only | ADV | _ | 28 veil | advmod |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 veil | det |
| 25 | grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 veil | amod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 grey | punct |
| 27 | cloudy | cloudy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 veil | amod |
| 28 | veil | veil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 twilight | appos |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 increased | punct |
| 30 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 increased | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 increased | punct |
| 32 | increased | increase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 veil | acl:relcl |
| 33 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 mists | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 mists | det |
| 35 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 mists | compound |
| 36 | mists | mist | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 increased | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 spread | punct |
| 38 | spread | spread | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 mists | acl |
| 39 | gradually | gradually | ADV | _ | 38 spread | advmod |
| 40 | over | over | ADP | _ | 43 heavens | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 heavens | det |
| 42 | entire | entire | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 heavens | amod |
| 43 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 spread | obl |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 proclaiming | punct |
| 45 | proclaiming | proclaim | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 32 increased | advcl |
| 46 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 50 storm | det |
| 47 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 50 storm | amod |
| 48 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 storm | compound |
| 49 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 48 thunder | punct |
| 50 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 proclaiming | obj |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 set | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | novitiate | a sultry Saturday evening | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | set | past · perfect · passive | the sun | a golden twilight parataxis | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | ||||
| 3 | leave | past · perfect | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | increase | participle · passive | the mountain mists | a grey cloudy veil | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer subject=Patient | ||||
| 5 | spread | participle | the mountain mists not said here | the entire heavens | gradually property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over heaven=Location | |||
| 6 | proclaim | gerund | the mountain mists not said here | a coming thunder storm | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent storm=Theme | ||||
| 7 | come | gerund | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/3/99/