Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 3, sentence 49
When he saw himself outwitted, and that all opposition was useless, and every issue from the fortress in possession of the enemy, he caused himself to be sewed up in a bed, and let down on the north and perpendicular side of the rocks with ropes.
Who acts: Earl, opposition · What happens: see, outwit, be, cause, sew up, let down · To what, where: Earl, bed, north, enemy
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Earl, opposition), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 saw | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 saw | nsubj |
| 3 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 useless | advcl |
| 4 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 3 saw | obj |
| 5 | outwitted | outwit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 saw | xcomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 useless | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 useless | cc |
| 8 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 useless | mark |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 opposition | det |
| 10 | opposition | opposition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 useless | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 useless | cop |
| 12 | useless | useless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 issue | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 issue | cc |
| 15 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 issue | det |
| 16 | issue | issue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 useless | obl |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 fortress | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 fortress | det |
| 19 | fortress | fortress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 issue | nmod |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 possession | case |
| 21 | possession | possession | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 fortress | nmod |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 enemy | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 enemy | det |
| 24 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 possession | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 caused | punct |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 caused | nsubj |
| 27 | caused | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 useless | conj |
| 28 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 27 caused | obj |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 sewed | mark |
| 30 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 31 sewed | aux:pass |
| 31 | sewed | sew | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 caused | advcl |
| 32 | up | up | ADP | _ | 31 sewed | compound:prt |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 bed | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 bed | det |
| 35 | bed | bed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 sewed | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 let | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 let | cc |
| 38 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 12 useless | parataxis |
| 39 | down | down | ADP | _ | 38 let | compound:prt |
| 40 | on | on | ADP | _ | 42 north | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 north | det |
| 42 | north | north | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 let | obl |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 side | cc |
| 44 | perpendicular | perpendicular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 side | amod |
| 45 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 north | conj |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 rocks | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 rocks | det |
| 48 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 side | nmod |
| 49 | with | with | ADP | _ | 50 ropes | case |
| 50 | ropes | rope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 rocks | nmod |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 useless | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Earl | Earl | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | outwit | participle | Earl not said here | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 3 | is | past | all opposition | every issue from the fortress in possession of the enemy obl; useless property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | cause | past | Earl | Earl | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition himself=Patient | ||||
| 5 | sew up | to-infinitive · passive | Earl not said here | a bed | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: in bed=Destination | ||||
| 6 | let down | infinitive | the north and perpendicular side of the rocks with ropes | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent on north=Asset | |||||
| 7 | possess | the enemy | nom possession «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/4/49/