Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 4, sentence 78
We found they had treated many badly, and had sought in various instances, by driving people to leave before the expiration of the time already paid for, or by involving them in law proceedings, to gain money.
Who acts: We, time · What happens: find, treat, seek, drive, leave, pay · To what, where: letters, various instances, people, expiration, law proceedings, money · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, time), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 found | nsubj |
| 2 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 treated | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 treated | aux |
| 5 | treated | treat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 found | xcomp |
| 6 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 treated | obj |
| 7 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 many | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sought | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 sought | cc |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 sought | aux |
| 11 | sought | seek | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 found | ccomp |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 instances | case |
| 13 | various | various | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 instances | amod |
| 14 | instances | instance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 sought | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 driving | punct |
| 16 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 17 driving | mark |
| 17 | driving | drive | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 sought | parataxis |
| 18 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 driving | obj |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 leave | mark |
| 20 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 driving | advcl |
| 21 | before | before | ADP | _ | 23 expiration | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 expiration | det |
| 23 | expiration | expiration | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 leave | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 time | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 time | det |
| 26 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 expiration | nmod |
| 27 | already | already | ADV | _ | 28 paid | advmod |
| 28 | paid | pay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 time | acl:relcl |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 paid | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 involving | punct |
| 31 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 33 involving | cc |
| 32 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 33 involving | mark |
| 33 | involving | involve | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 driving | conj |
| 34 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 involving | obj |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 proceedings | case |
| 36 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 proceedings | compound |
| 37 | proceedings | proceedings | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 33 involving | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 gain | punct |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 gain | mark |
| 40 | gain | gain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 33 involving | parataxis |
| 41 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 gain | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | We | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | treat | past · perfect · passive | letters = letter | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | seek | past · perfect | various instances | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in instance=Location | |||||
| 4 | drive | gerund | people | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme | |||||
| 5 | leave | to-infinitive | the expiration of the time | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent before expiration=Location | |||||
| 6 | pay | past | the time not said here | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | involve | gerund | letters = letter | in law proceedings goal | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent they=Theme in proceedings=Goal | ||||
| 8 | gain | to-infinitive | money | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/5/78/