English Fairy Tales, Mr. Vinegar, sentence 40
“Oh, my fingers are so very cold,” said Mr. Vinegar to himself.
Who acts: fingers, cold · What happens: be, say · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Mr. Vinegar. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fingers, cold), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 cold | punct |
| 2 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 5 fingers | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Oh | punct |
| 4 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 fingers | nmod:poss |
| 5 | fingers | finger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 cold | nsubj |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 cold | cop |
| 7 | so | so | ADV | _ | 9 cold | advmod |
| 8 | very | very | ADV | _ | 9 cold | advmod |
| 9 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 said | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 cold | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 cold | punct |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | Mr. | Mr. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Vinegar | nmod:desc |
| 14 | Vinegar | Vinegar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 said | nsubj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 himself | case |
| 16 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 14 Vinegar | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | my fingers | cold property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | cold | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/11/40/