English Fairy Tales, Jack and the Beanstalk, sentence 4
“What shall we do, what shall we do?” said the widow, wringing her hands.
Who acts: we, widow · What happens: do, say, wring · To what, where: hands · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack and the Beanstalk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, widow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 do | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 do | obj |
| 3 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 do | aux |
| 4 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 do | nsubj |
| 5 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 said | ccomp |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 do | punct |
| 7 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 do | obj |
| 8 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 do | aux |
| 9 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 do | nsubj |
| 10 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 do | parataxis |
| 11 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 do | punct |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 do | punct |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 widow | det |
| 15 | widow | widow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 said | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 wringing | punct |
| 17 | wringing | wring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 said | advcl |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 hands | nmod:poss |
| 19 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 wringing | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do in a quote | shall | we | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | do in a quote | shall | we | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | say speech: ask | past | the widow | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | wring | gerund | the widow not said here | widow's hands | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/16/4/