English Fairy Tales, Titty Mouse and Tatty Mouse, sentence 25

Now there was a little bird perched on one of the boughs of the tree, and when all the leaves fell, it said: “Walnut-tree, why do you shed your leaves?”

Who acts: little bird, leaves, bird, you · What happens: be, perch, fall, say, shed · To what, where: little bird, leaves · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Titty Mouse and Tatty Mouse. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little bird, leaves, bird, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 was	advmod
2	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 was	expl
3	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 said	parataxis
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 bird	det
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bird	amod
6	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 was	nsubj
7	perched	perch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 bird	acl
8	on	on	ADP	_	9 one	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 perched	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 boughs	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 boughs	det
12	boughs	bough	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 one	nmod
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 tree	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 tree	det
15	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 boughs	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 said	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 said	cc
18	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	22 fell	advmod
19	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	21 leaves	det:predet
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 leaves	det
21	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 fell	nsubj
22	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 said	advcl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 fell	punct
24	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 said	nsubj
25	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
26	:	:	PUNCT	_	30 tree	punct
27	“	"	PUNCT	_	30 tree	punct
28	Walnut	Walnut	PROPN	Number=Sing	30 tree	compound
29	-	-	PUNCT	_	28 Walnut	punct
30	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 said	ccomp
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 shed	punct
32	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	35 shed	advmod
33	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 shed	aux
34	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	35 shed	nsubj
35	shed	shed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	30 tree	conj
36	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 leaves	nmod:poss
37	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 shed	obj
38	?	?	PUNCT	_	35 shed	punct
39	”	"	PUNCT	_	30 tree	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	a little bird		there	now		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	perch	participle		a little bird not said here			on one of the boughs of the tree	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on one=Location
3	fall	past	all leaves					vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	say speech: ask	past	bird					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
5	shed in a quote	present · do-support	you	your leaves				vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leaf=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/19/25/