English Fairy Tales, Jack the Giant-killer, sentence 128
Jack had no sooner read this but he blew the trumpet, at which the castle trembled to its vast foundations, and the giant and conjurer were in horrid confusion, biting their thumbs and tearing their hair, knowing their wicked reign was at an end.
Who acts: Jack, giant, wicked reign · What happens: have, read, blow, tremble, be, bite · To what, where: this, trumpet, castle, horrid confusion, thumbs, hair · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack the Giant-killer. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jack, giant, wicked reign), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 4 sooner | det |
| 4 | sooner | soon | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 5 read | advmod |
| 5 | read | read | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 had | xcomp |
| 6 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 read | obj |
| 7 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 9 blew | cc |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 blew | nsubj |
| 9 | blew | blow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 trumpet | det |
| 11 | trumpet | trumpet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 blew | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 castle | punct |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 castle | case |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 castle | nsubj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 castle | det |
| 16 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 blew | obl |
| 17 | trembled | tremble | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 castle | acl |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 foundations | case |
| 19 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 foundations | nmod:poss |
| 20 | vast | vast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 foundations | amod |
| 21 | foundations | foundation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 trembled | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 confusion | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 confusion | cc |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 giant | det |
| 25 | giant | giant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 confusion | nsubj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 conjurer | cc |
| 27 | conjurer | conjurer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 giant | conj |
| 28 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 confusion | cop |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 confusion | case |
| 30 | horrid | horrid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 confusion | amod |
| 31 | confusion | confusion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 biting | punct |
| 33 | biting | bite | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 confusion | advcl |
| 34 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 thumbs | nmod:poss |
| 35 | thumbs | thumb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 biting | obj |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 tearing | cc |
| 37 | tearing | tear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 biting | conj |
| 38 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 hair | nmod:poss |
| 39 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 tearing | obj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 knowing | punct |
| 41 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 biting | advcl |
| 42 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 reign | nmod:poss |
| 43 | wicked | wicked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 reign | amod |
| 44 | reign | reign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 end | nsubj |
| 45 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 end | cop |
| 46 | at | at | ADP | _ | 48 end | case |
| 47 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 end | det |
| 48 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 knowing | ccomp |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Jack | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | read | infinitive | Jack not said here | this | soon property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Topic | |||
| 3 | blow | past | Jack | the trumpet | the castle | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent trumpet=Patient | |||
| 4 | tremble | participle | the castle not said here | to trumpet's vast foundations | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | past | the giant and conjurer | horrid confusion | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | bite | gerund | the giant and conjurer not said here | foundations's thumbs | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thumb=Patient | ||||
| 7 | tear | gerund | the giant and conjurer not said here | thumbs's hair | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location hair=Theme | ||||
| 8 | know | gerund | the giant and conjurer not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 9 | is | past | thumbs's wicked reign | at a end | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/23/128/