English Fairy Tales, Childe Rowland, sentence 44
There were neither windows nor candles, and he could not make out where the twilight came from, if not through the walls and roof.
Who acts: windows, Childe, twilight · What happens: be, not make out, come · To what, where: walls
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Childe Rowland. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (windows, Childe, twilight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 were | expl |
| 2 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 4 windows | cc:preconj |
| 4 | windows | window | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 were | nsubj |
| 5 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 6 candles | cc |
| 6 | candles | candle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 windows | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 make | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 make | cc |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 make | nsubj |
| 10 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 make | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 make | advmod |
| 12 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 were | conj |
| 13 | out | out | ADP | _ | 12 make | compound:prt |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 17 came | advmod |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 twilight | det |
| 16 | twilight | twilight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 came | nsubj |
| 17 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 make | advcl |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 came | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 walls | punct |
| 20 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 24 walls | mark |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 walls | advmod |
| 22 | through | through | ADP | _ | 24 walls | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 walls | det |
| 24 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 came | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 roof | cc |
| 26 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 walls | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 were | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | windows nor candles | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not make out | could | Childe | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | come | past | the twilight | the walls and roof | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through wall=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/24/44/