English Fairy Tales, The Red Ettin, sentence 1

There was once a widow that lived on a small bit of ground, which she rented from a farmer.

Who acts: widow, small bit · What happens: be, live, rent · To what, where: small bit

This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Red Ettin. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (widow, small bit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 was	expl
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	2 was	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 widow	det
5	widow	widow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 lived	nsubj
7	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 widow	acl:relcl
8	on	on	ADP	_	11 bit	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 bit	det
10	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 bit	amod
11	bit	bit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 lived	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 ground	case
13	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 bit	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 rented	punct
15	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 rented	nsubj
16	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 rented	nsubj
17	rented	rent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 bit	conj
18	from	from	ADP	_	20 farmer	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 farmer	det
20	farmer	farmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 rented	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 was	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	be	past	a widow	there	once property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	live	past	a widow	a small bit of ground		vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on bit=Location
3	rent	past	a small bit of ground		from a farmer	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from farmer=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/26/1/