English Fairy Tales, XXI. Childe Rowland., sentence 73
75-98, has given reasons and examples for believing that terrace cultivation along the sides of hills was a practice of the non-Aryan and pre-Aryan inhabitants of these isles.
Who acts: believing · What happens: give, believe, be · To what, where: reasons, terrace cultivation, practice
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, XXI. Childe Rowland.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (believing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 75-98 | 75-98 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 given | punct |
| 3 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 given | aux |
| 4 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 1 75-98 | parataxis |
| 5 | reasons | reason | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 given | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 examples | cc |
| 7 | examples | example | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 reasons | conj |
| 8 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 9 believing | mark |
| 9 | believing | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 practice | csubj |
| 10 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 cultivation | det |
| 11 | terrace | terrace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 cultivation | compound |
| 12 | cultivation | cultivation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 believing | obj |
| 13 | along | along | ADP | _ | 15 sides | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 sides | det |
| 15 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 believing | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 hills | case |
| 17 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 sides | nmod |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 practice | cop |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 practice | det |
| 20 | practice | practice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 given | parataxis |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 inhabitants | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 inhabitants | det |
| 23 | non-Aryan | non-aryan | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 inhabitants | amod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 pre-Aryan | cc |
| 25 | pre-Aryan | pre-aryan | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 non-Aryan | conj |
| 26 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 practice | nmod |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 isles | case |
| 28 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 29 isles | det |
| 29 | isles | isle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 inhabitants | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 75-98 | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · perfect | reasons and examples | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Theme | |||||
| 2 | believe | gerund | that terrace cultivation | along the sides of hills | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cultivation=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | believing | a practice | of the non-Aryan inhabitants of this isles | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/71/73/