English Fairy Tales, The Rose-tree, sentence 32
It was spring, and there among the flowers was a white bird; and it sang, and sang, and sang like an angel out of heaven.
Who acts: tree, white bird · What happens: be, sing · To what, where: spring, flowers
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Rose-tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tree, white bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Checked tree. This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (gutenberg:pg7439:271): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 spring | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 spring | cop |
| 3 | spring | spring | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 was | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 was | cc |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 10 was | expl |
| 7 | among | among | ADP | _ | 9 flowers | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 flowers | det |
| 9 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 was | obl |
| 10 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 spring | conj |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 bird | det |
| 12 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 bird | amod |
| 13 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 was | nsubj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 sang | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 sang | cc |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 sang | nsubj |
| 17 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 spring | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 sang | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 sang | cc |
| 20 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 sang | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 sang | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 sang | cc |
| 23 | sang | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 sang | conj |
| 24 | like | like | ADP | _ | 26 angel | case |
| 25 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 angel | det |
| 26 | angel | angel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 sang | obl |
| 27 | out | out | ADP | _ | 29 heaven | case |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 out | fixed |
| 29 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 angel | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 spring | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | tree | spring | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | past | a white bird | the flowers; there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among flower=Location | ||||
| 3 | sing speech: express | past | tree | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | sing speech: express | past | tree not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | sing speech: express | past | tree not said here | like a angel out heaven | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/8/32/