Folk tales from Tibet, The Hare and the Lions., sentence 3
It chanced one day that while the Lion was hunting for something to eat, he came across a Hare sleeping behind a boulder; and seizing the Hare in his great paws he was just about to devour him, when the Hare spoke as follows:
Who acts: prey, Lion, Hare · What happens: chance, hunt, eat, come, sleep, seize · To what, where: boulder, Hare, great paws · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Hare and the Lions.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (prey, Lion, Hare), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 chanced | nsubj |
| 2 | chanced | chance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 day | nummod |
| 4 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 chanced | obl:unmarked |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 day | dep |
| 6 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 10 hunting | mark |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Lion | det |
| 8 | Lion | Lion | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 hunting | nsubj |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 hunting | aux |
| 10 | hunting | hunt | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 chanced | advcl |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 something | case |
| 12 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 10 hunting | obl |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 eat | mark |
| 14 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 something | acl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 came | punct |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 came | nsubj |
| 17 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 chanced | conj |
| 18 | across | across | ADP | _ | 20 Hare | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 Hare | det |
| 20 | Hare | Hare | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 came | obl |
| 21 | sleeping | sleep | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 came | advcl |
| 22 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 24 boulder | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 boulder | det |
| 24 | boulder | boulder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sleeping | obl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 seizing | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 seizing | cc |
| 27 | seizing | seize | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 chanced | conj |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Hare | det |
| 29 | Hare | Hare | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 seizing | obj |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 paws | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 paws | nmod:poss |
| 32 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 paws | amod |
| 33 | paws | paw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 seizing | obl |
| 34 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 devour | nsubj |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 devour | cop |
| 36 | just | just | ADV | _ | 37 about | advmod |
| 37 | about | about | ADV | _ | 39 devour | advmod |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 devour | mark |
| 39 | devour | devour | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 paws | acl:relcl |
| 40 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 devour | obj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 spoke | punct |
| 42 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 45 spoke | advmod |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 Hare | det |
| 44 | Hare | Hare | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 spoke | nsubj |
| 45 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 seizing | parataxis |
| 46 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 47 follows | mark |
| 47 | follows | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 spoke | advcl |
| 48 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 2 chanced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chance | past | prey | day | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hunt | past · progressive | the Lion | for something | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for something=Theme | ||||
| 3 | eat | to-infinitive | the Lion not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | come | past | Lion | across a Hare | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme across hare=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | sleep | gerund | Lion not said here | a boulder | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | seize | gerund | prey not said here | the Hare | Lion's great paws | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hare=Theme | |||
| 7 | is | past | Lion | Hare obj; about, devour property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | speak speech: other | past | the Hare | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 9 | follow | present | the Hare not said here | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/10/3/