Folk tales from Tibet, The Mouse’s Three Children., sentence 31
Scarcely had the words left his lips when he heard a low, deep growl just beside him, and a great Tiger stalked out of the thicket, licking his chops.
Who acts: Scarcely, words, great Tiger, Tiger · What happens: have, leave, hear, stalk, lick, chop · To what, where: lips, low deep growl, thicket, chops
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Mouse’s Three Children.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scarcely, words, great Tiger, Tiger), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scarcely | Scarcely | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 words | det |
| 4 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 left | nsubj |
| 5 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | ccomp |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 lips | nmod:poss |
| 7 | lips | lip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 left | obj |
| 8 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 heard | advmod |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 heard | nsubj |
| 10 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | advcl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 growl | det |
| 12 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 growl | amod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 low | punct |
| 14 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 growl | amod |
| 15 | growl | growl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 heard | obj |
| 16 | just | just | ADV | _ | 18 him | advmod |
| 17 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 18 him | case |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 heard | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 stalked | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 stalked | cc |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 Tiger | det |
| 22 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 Tiger | amod |
| 23 | Tiger | Tiger | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 stalked | nsubj |
| 24 | stalked | stalk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 25 | out | out | ADP | _ | 28 thicket | case |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 thicket | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 thicket | det |
| 28 | thicket | thicket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 stalked | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 licking | punct |
| 30 | licking | lick | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 stalked | advcl |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 chops | nmod:poss |
| 32 | chops | chop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 licking | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Scarcely | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | leave | past | the words | Scarcely's lips | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lip=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hear | past | Scarcely | a low deep growl | beside Tiger | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer growl=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | stalk | past | a great Tiger | the thicket | vn stalk-35.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent out thicket=Location | ||||
| 5 | lick | gerund | a great Tiger not said here | Tiger's chops | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent chop=Source | ||||
| 6 | chop | Tiger | nom chop «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/13/31/