Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of the Boy With the Deformed Head., sentence 72
The youth accepted the invitation, and having explained that he was unable to fly, he mounted upon the Gryphon’s back and was speedily carried up the cliff, and deposited with the young Gryphons in the nest.
Who acts: youth · What happens: accept, explain, be, fly, mount, carry up · To what, where: invitation, back, cliff · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Boy With the Deformed Head.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (youth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 youth | det |
| 2 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 accepted | nsubj |
| 3 | accepted | accept | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 invitation | det |
| 5 | invitation | invitation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 accepted | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 explained | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 explained | cc |
| 8 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 explained | aux |
| 9 | explained | explain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 accepted | parataxis |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 unable | mark |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 unable | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 unable | cop |
| 13 | unable | unable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 explained | ccomp |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 fly | mark |
| 15 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 unable | xcomp |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 mounted | punct |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 mounted | nsubj |
| 18 | mounted | mount | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 accepted | parataxis |
| 19 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 23 back | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Gryphon | det |
| 21 | Gryphon | Gryphon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 back | nmod:poss |
| 22 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 21 Gryphon | case |
| 23 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 mounted | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 carried | cc |
| 25 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 carried | aux:pass |
| 26 | speedily | speedily | ADV | _ | 27 carried | advmod |
| 27 | carried | carry | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 mounted | conj |
| 28 | up | up | ADP | _ | 27 carried | compound:prt |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 cliff | det |
| 30 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 carried | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 deposited | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 deposited | cc |
| 33 | deposited | deposit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 carried | conj |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 Gryphons | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 Gryphons | det |
| 36 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 Gryphons | amod |
| 37 | Gryphons | gryphon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 deposited | obl |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 nest | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 nest | det |
| 40 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 Gryphons | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 accepted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | accept | past | the youth | the invitation | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent invitation=Theme | ||||
| 2 | explain speech: assert | gerund · perfect | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | is | past | youth | unable property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | fly | to-infinitive | youth not said here | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | mount | past | youth | the Gryphon's back | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon back=Destination | ||||
| 6 | carry up | past · passive | youth not said here | the cliff | speedily property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: cliff=Theme | |||
| 7 | deposit | participle | youth not said here | with the young Gryphons in the nest | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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