Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of the Lama’s Servant., sentence 13
Lama,” said the Servant, addressing the old man, “I have come to tell you that I have just found a sheep belonging to our neighbours, who live in the valley below, wandering about near the house; so, for fear he should be eaten by wolves, I have caught him and tied him up in a room below.
Who acts: Lama, I, sheep, neighbours, wolves · What happens: say, address, come, tell, find, belong · To what, where: Servant, old man, you, sheep, valley, house · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Lama’s Servant.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lama, I, sheep, neighbours), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lama | lama | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Lama | punct |
| 3 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 1 Lama | punct |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Servant | det |
| 6 | Servant | servant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 addressing | punct |
| 8 | addressing | address | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 said | advcl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 man | det |
| 10 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 man | amod |
| 11 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 addressing | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 come | punct |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 come | punct |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 come | nsubj |
| 15 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 come | aux |
| 16 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 addressing | advcl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 tell | mark |
| 18 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 come | xcomp |
| 19 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 tell | iobj |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 found | mark |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 found | nsubj |
| 22 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 found | aux |
| 23 | just | just | ADV | _ | 24 found | advmod |
| 24 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 18 tell | advcl |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 sheep | det |
| 26 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 found | obj |
| 27 | belonging | belong | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 sheep | acl |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 neighbours | case |
| 29 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 neighbours | nmod:poss |
| 30 | neighbours | neighbour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 belonging | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 live | punct |
| 32 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 live | nsubj |
| 33 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 neighbours | acl:relcl |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 valley | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 valley | det |
| 36 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 live | obl |
| 37 | below | below | ADV | _ | 33 live | advmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 wandering | punct |
| 39 | wandering | wonder | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 live | advcl |
| 40 | about | about | ADV | _ | 41 near | advmod |
| 41 | near | near | ADP | _ | 43 house | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 house | det |
| 43 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 wandering | obl |
| 44 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 52 eaten | punct |
| 45 | so | so | ADV | _ | 52 eaten | advmod |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 eaten | punct |
| 47 | for | for | ADP | _ | 48 fear | case |
| 48 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 eaten | obl |
| 49 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 eaten | nsubj |
| 50 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 52 eaten | aux |
| 51 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 52 eaten | aux:pass |
| 52 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 said | parataxis |
| 53 | by | by | ADP | _ | 54 wolves | case |
| 54 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 eaten | obl |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 caught | punct |
| 56 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 58 caught | nsubj:pass |
| 57 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 58 caught | aux |
| 58 | caught | catch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 52 eaten | conj |
| 59 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 caught | obj |
| 60 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 61 tied | cc |
| 61 | tied | tie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 52 eaten | conj |
| 62 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 61 tied | obj |
| 63 | up | up | ADP | _ | 61 tied | compound:prt |
| 64 | in | in | ADP | _ | 66 room | case |
| 65 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 66 room | det |
| 66 | room | room | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 tied | obl |
| 67 | below | below | ADV | _ | 61 tied | advmod |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | Lama | the Servant | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | address in a quote | gerund | Lama not said here | the old man | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Destination | ||||
| 3 | come | present · perfect | I | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | tell speech: assert | to-infinitive | I not said here | you | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | find | present · perfect | I | a sheep | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Topic | ||||
| 6 | belong | gerund | a sheep not said here | to our neighbours | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | live | present | our neighbours | the valley | below property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in valley=Location | |||
| 8 | wonder speech: ask | gerund | our neighbours not said here | the house | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 9 | eat | should · passive | wolves | Lama | for fear | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | |||
| 10 | catch | present · perfect · passive | I | Servant obj | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary he=Theme | ||||
| 11 | tie up | past | wolves not said here | Servant | a room | below property | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/19/13/