Folk tales from Tibet, The Country of the Mice., sentence 58
And in order to insure against any more attempts at invasion from the side of the neighbouring kingdom, the King sent a herald across the river to the ruler of that country, to say that, on this occasion, he had only considered it worth while to employ his Mice to defeat his enemies; but that if he was again threatened, he was ready to employ first all the domestic animals of the country; and if they did not succeed, he would have to have recourse to the wild beasts; and in the event of their failing, he was prepared to come himself with his warriors in order to produce the desired results.
Who acts: King, Mice · What happens: insure, neighbour, send, say, consider, employ · To what, where: side, herald, river, that, occasion, country · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Country of the Mice.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Mice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 insure | cc |
| 2 | in | in | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 5 insure | mark |
| 3 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 in | fixed |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 insure | mark |
| 5 | insure | insure | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | against | against | ADP | _ | 9 attempts | case |
| 7 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 9 attempts | det |
| 8 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 9 attempts | amod |
| 9 | attempts | attempt | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 insure | obl |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 11 invasion | case |
| 11 | invasion | invasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 attempts | nmod |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 side | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 side | det |
| 14 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 insure | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 kingdom | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 kingdom | det |
| 17 | neighbouring | neighbour | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 kingdom | amod |
| 18 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 side | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 sent | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 King | det |
| 21 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 sent | nsubj |
| 22 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 insure | parataxis |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 herald | det |
| 24 | herald | herald | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 sent | obj |
| 25 | across | across | ADP | _ | 27 river | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 river | det |
| 27 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 sent | obl |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 ruler | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 ruler | det |
| 30 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 sent | obl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 country | case |
| 32 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 33 country | det |
| 33 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 ruler | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 say | punct |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 say | mark |
| 36 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 5 insure | parataxis |
| 37 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 36 say | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 occasion | punct |
| 39 | on | on | ADP | _ | 41 occasion | case |
| 40 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 41 occasion | det |
| 41 | occasion | occasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 say | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 considered | punct |
| 43 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 considered | nsubj |
| 44 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 considered | aux |
| 45 | only | only | ADV | _ | 46 considered | advmod |
| 46 | considered | consider | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 36 say | advcl |
| 47 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 considered | obj |
| 48 | worth | worth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 considered | xcomp |
| 49 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 51 employ | mark |
| 50 | to | to | PART | _ | 51 employ | mark |
| 51 | employ | employ | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 46 considered | xcomp |
| 52 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 53 Mice | nmod:poss |
| 53 | Mice | mouse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 employ | obj |
| 54 | to | to | PART | _ | 55 defeat | mark |
| 55 | defeat | defeat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 51 employ | advcl |
| 56 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 enemies | nmod:poss |
| 57 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 defeat | obj |
| 58 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 69 ready | punct |
| 59 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 69 ready | cc |
| 60 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 65 threatened | mark |
| 61 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 65 threatened | mark |
| 62 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 65 threatened | nsubj:pass |
| 63 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 65 threatened | aux:pass |
| 64 | again | again | ADV | _ | 65 threatened | advmod |
| 65 | threatened | threaten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 69 ready | advcl |
| 66 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 65 threatened | punct |
| 67 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 69 ready | nsubj |
| 68 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 69 ready | cop |
| 69 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 insure | conj |
| 70 | to | to | PART | _ | 71 employ | mark |
| 71 | employ | employ | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 69 ready | xcomp |
| 72 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 71 employ | advmod |
| 73 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 76 animals | det:predet |
| 74 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 76 animals | det |
| 75 | domestic | domestic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 76 animals | amod |
| 76 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 71 employ | obj |
| 77 | of | of | ADP | _ | 79 country | case |
| 78 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 79 country | det |
| 79 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 animals | nmod |
| 80 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 90 have | punct |
| 81 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 90 have | cc |
| 82 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 86 succeed | mark |
| 83 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 86 succeed | nsubj |
| 84 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 86 succeed | aux |
| 85 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 86 succeed | advmod |
| 86 | succeed | succeed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 90 have | advcl |
| 87 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 86 succeed | punct |
| 88 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 90 have | nsubj |
| 89 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 90 have | aux |
| 90 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 insure | conj |
| 91 | to | to | PART | _ | 92 have | mark |
| 92 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 90 have | xcomp |
| 93 | recourse | recourse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 92 have | obj |
| 94 | to | to | ADP | _ | 97 beasts | case |
| 95 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 97 beasts | det |
| 96 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 97 beasts | amod |
| 97 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 93 recourse | nmod |
| 98 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 109 prepared | punct |
| 99 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 109 prepared | cc |
| 100 | in | in | ADP | _ | 102 event | case |
| 101 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 102 event | det |
| 102 | event | event | NOUN | Number=Sing | 109 prepared | obl |
| 103 | of | of | ADP | _ | 105 failing | case |
| 104 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 105 failing | nmod:poss |
| 105 | failing | failing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 102 event | nmod |
| 106 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 102 event | punct |
| 107 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 109 prepared | nsubj |
| 108 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 109 prepared | cop |
| 109 | prepared | prepared | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 insure | parataxis |
| 110 | to | to | PART | _ | 111 come | mark |
| 111 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 109 prepared | xcomp |
| 112 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 111 come | obj |
| 113 | with | with | ADP | _ | 115 warriors | case |
| 114 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 115 warriors | nmod:poss |
| 115 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 111 come | obl |
| 116 | in | in | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 119 produce | mark |
| 117 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 116 in | fixed |
| 118 | to | to | PART | _ | 119 produce | mark |
| 119 | produce | produce | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 111 come | advcl |
| 120 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 122 results | det |
| 121 | desired | desire | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 122 results | amod |
| 122 | results | result | NOUN | Number=Plur | 119 produce | obj |
| 123 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 insure | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | insure | to-infinitive | the side of the neighbouring kingdom | against any more attempts at invasion | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent against attempt=Theme | ||||
| 2 | neighbour | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | send | past | the King | a herald | the river | to the ruler of that country | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent herald=Theme to ruler=Destination | ||
| 4 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | that | this occasion | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent that=Topic | ||||
| 5 | consider | past · perfect | King | country | worth property | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent it=Attribute clause=Theme | |||
| 6 | employ | to-infinitive | King not said here | King's Mice | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouse=Theme | ||||
| 7 | defeat | to-infinitive | King not said here | King's enemies | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | threaten a condition, not said to happen | past · passive | King | again | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 9 | is | past | King | ready property | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | employ | to-infinitive | King not said here | all domestic animals of the country | first property | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Theme | |||
| 11 | not succeed a condition, not said to happen | past · do-support | Mice = mouse | vn succeed-74-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 12 | have | would | King | tree rules | |||||
| 13 | have | to-infinitive | King not said here | recourse | to the wild beasts | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent recourse=Patient | |||
| 14 | is | past | King | the event of Mice's failing | prepared property | tree rules | |||
| 15 | come | to-infinitive | King not said here | King | with King's warriors | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location himself=Theme | |||
| 16 | produce | to-infinitive | King not said here | the desired results | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent result=Result | ||||
| 17 | desire | participle | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 18 | fail | Mice = mouse | nom failing «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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