Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of Room Bacha and Baki., sentence 67
“It is a very difficult thing,” said she, “for a human being to kill an Ogre, for whatever damage you may do to his body is of no avail unless you can also destroy the object with which his spirit is bound up.
Who acts: breakfast, girl, you, Ogre · What happens: be, say, kill, do, destroy, bind up · To what, where: difficult thing, whatever, object, spirit · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of Room Bacha and Baki.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (breakfast, girl, you, Ogre), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 thing | punct |
| 2 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 thing | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 thing | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 thing | det |
| 5 | very | very | ADV | _ | 6 difficult | advmod |
| 6 | difficult | difficult | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 thing | amod |
| 7 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 said | ccomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 thing | punct |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 thing | punct |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 said | nsubj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 human | punct |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 human | punct |
| 14 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 16 human | mark |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 human | det |
| 16 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 said | conj |
| 17 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 human | advcl |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 kill | mark |
| 19 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 being | xcomp |
| 20 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 Ogre | det |
| 21 | Ogre | ogre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 avail | nsubj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 whatever | punct |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 whatever | case |
| 24 | whatever | whatever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 do | obj |
| 25 | damage | damage | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 do | aux |
| 26 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 28 do | nsubj |
| 27 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 do | aux |
| 28 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 Ogre | acl:relcl |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 body | case |
| 30 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 body | nmod:poss |
| 31 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 do | obl |
| 32 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 avail | cop |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 avail | case |
| 34 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 35 avail | det |
| 35 | avail | avail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 kill | ccomp |
| 36 | unless | unless | SCONJ | _ | 40 destroy | mark |
| 37 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 40 destroy | nsubj |
| 38 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 destroy | aux |
| 39 | also | also | ADV | _ | 40 destroy | advmod |
| 40 | destroy | destroy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 kill | advcl |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 object | det |
| 42 | object | object | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 destroy | obj |
| 43 | with | with | ADP | _ | 44 which | case |
| 44 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 48 bound | obl |
| 45 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 spirit | nmod:poss |
| 46 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 bound | nsubj:pass |
| 47 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 bound | aux:pass |
| 48 | bound | bind | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 object | acl:relcl |
| 49 | up | up | ADP | _ | 48 bound | compound:prt |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | breakfast | a difficult thing | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | girl | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | kill in a quote | to-infinitive | girl not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | do in a quote | may · present | you | whatever | to Scarcely's body | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whatever=Eventuality | |||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | a Ogre | of no avail | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | destroy a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | can | you | the object | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent object=Patient | ||||
| 7 | bind up in a quote | present · passive | Scarcely's spirit | with the object | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient with which=Co-Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/22/67/